• Location: Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi.
• Inaugurator: Nitin Gadkari (Union Minister of Road Transport).
• Technology: 13D immersive technology, Dark Ride, and interactive exhibits.
• Objective: To convey the life, military prowess, and history of the Maratha Empire of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj to the modern generation.
• Highlights: The museum features replicas of 17th-century weaponry, a depiction of Shivaji Maharaj's coronation, and an immersive experience of Raigad Fort.
• Organizer: This museum has been constructed by the 'Veer Yoddha Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Memorial National Committee'.

• Royal Enfield has made a grand entry into the EV segment by launching its first electric motorcycle, the Flying Flea C6, under its new electric brand, Flying Flea.
• This marks the first electric brand from the traditional motorcycle manufacturer Royal Enfield, inspired by the iconic 'Flying Flea' design of the 1940s.

• Concept: Envisioned as a 'modern Gurukul' inspired by the spirit of the ancient Nalanda University, it integrates traditional Indian knowledge systems with modern science.
• Integrated Approach: The institution unifies the disciplines of veterinary medicine, wildlife conservation, and ecosystem health under a single academic framework.
• Key Programs: Undergraduate (UG), Postgraduate (PG), fellowship, and specialized training programs will be available here. The curriculum will focus on subjects such as wildlife medicine, nutrition, behavioral sciences, genetics, and 'One Health.'
• Global Hub: Its primary objective is to establish India as a global hub for wildlife education and conservation policies.

'Vantara':

• This is a comprehensive wildlife conservation, rehabilitation, and care initiative launched by Reliance Industries and the Reliance Foundation.
• It is led by Anant Ambani.
• It is situated within the 'Green Belt' of Reliance's refinery complex in Jamnagar, Gujarat.
• The facility features state-of-the-art hydrotherapy pools, Jacuzzis, and specialized dietary centers for elephants.

• Formation: May 1, 1960 (Separated from Bombay State)
• Capital: Gandhinagar
• Largest City: Ahmedabad
• Total Districts: 33
• Official Language: Gujarati
• Coastline: 1,600 kilometers (India's longest coastline)
• Borders: Pakistan to the northwest, Rajasthan to the north, Madhya Pradesh to the northeast, and Maharashtra to the south
• State Animal: Asiatic Lion (Found in Gir National Park)
• State Bird: Greater Flamingo
• State Tree: Banyan Tree
• State Flower: Marigold
• Statue of Unity: A statue of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel located in Kevadia (the tallest statue in the world)
• Gir National Park: The sole natural habitat of the Asiatic Lion
• Rann of Kutch: The world's largest salt desert, where the famous 'Rann Utsav' is held
• Historical Sites: Somnath Temple, Dwarkadhish Temple, Rani ki Vav (Patan), and Lothal (an Indus Valley Civilization site)
• Major Festivals: Navratri (famous for Garba and Dandiya), Uttarayan (Kite Festival), and Diwali
• Folk Dances: Garba, Dandiya Raas, and Bhavai

• Memorial is Russia’s oldest and most respected human rights organization.
• Founding: It was established in 1987, during the decline of the Soviet Union.
• Key Founders: Nobel Peace Prize laureate Andrei Sakharov and human rights activist Svetlana Gannushkina were among its principal founders.

The Organization’s Core Work:

• Historical Memory: Documenting political repression, atrocities, and human rights violations that occurred during the Soviet era (particularly under the rule of Joseph Stalin). It has compiled the world's largest database of 'Gulag' victims.
• Human Rights Defense: Monitoring human rights violations in contemporary Russia. It notably exposed crimes committed during the Chechen Wars and currently maintains a list of political prisoners in Russia.
• Memorial was awarded the 2022 Nobel Peace Prize for its unwavering commitment to human rights and democracy. It shared this award jointly with Ales Bialiatski of Belarus and the 'Center for Civil Liberties' of Ukraine.
• Foreign Agent (2016): The Russian government designated it a 'foreign agent.'
• Dissolution Order (2021): In December 2021, a court ordered the formal closure (liquidation) of the organization.

• Representation: The Indian delegation was led by Mr. Sevala Naik Siby George, Secretary (West) in the Ministry of External Affairs, while the Turkish delegation was led by Mr. Burak Akçapar, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs.
• Topics of Discussion: Both countries undertook a comprehensive review of their bilateral relations. The discussions focused on cooperation in the fields of trade and investment, tourism, technology and innovation, energy, education, and culture.
• Security Cooperation: The discussions also emphasized the fight against cross-border terrorism.
• Regional Issues: Both sides also exchanged views on regional and global issues of mutual interest.
• Background: This meeting was held following the 11th round of consultations held in Ankara in 2022, as part of an ongoing effort to revitalize relations between the two countries.

Türkiye:

• Türkiye—formerly known as 'Turkey'—is one of the world's most significant nations due to its unique geographical location.
• Official Name: Republic of Türkiye
• Capital: Ankara
• Currency: Turkish Lira (TRY)
• President: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
• Türkiye is one of the few countries in the world that spans two continents. 97% of its territory lies in Asia (Anatolia), while 3% is situated in Europe (Thrace).
• It is bordered by Bulgaria to the northwest, Greece to the west, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east, Georgia to the northeast, and Syria and Iraq to the south.
• It is surrounded by seas on three sides—the Black Sea to the north, the Aegean Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Highest Peak: Mount Ararat, with a height of 5,137 meters.

• It is a leading 'Maharatna' Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India, engaged in oil refining and marketing.
• Establishment: Its roots trace back to 'Burmah Shell,' established in 1928. It was nationalized on January 24, 1976, becoming 'Bharat Refineries Limited,' which was subsequently renamed Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited in 1977.
• Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra

• Capital: Brussels, also known as the "Capital of Europe," as it houses the headquarters of the European Union (EU) and NATO.
• Currency: Euro (€).
• It shares borders with four countries: North: Netherlands; East: Germany; Southeast: Luxembourg; South and West: France.
• Diamond Hub: The Belgian city of Antwerp is the world's largest diamond trading center.

• Historic Victory: He was a pivotal member of the team that achieved India's first-ever Test victory against England in 1952 in Madras (now Chennai).
• Test Career: Played 8 Test matches between 1951 and 1960.
• Positions Held: He served as a former National Selector and also as the Manager of the Indian team.
• Legacy: Following his passing, 95-year-old Chandrakant Patankar has now become India's oldest living Test cricketer.
• Following his passing, Chandrakant Patankar (95 years old) has now become India's oldest living Test cricketer.

• Maha Vir Chakra: For his indomitable courage, gallantry, and leadership during the 1999 Kargil War, he was honored with the 'Maha Vir Chakra'—the country's second-highest wartime gallantry award.
• 'Lion of Ladakh': He was known as the 'Lion of Ladakh.'
• Historic Victory: Along with 30 soldiers of the Ladakh Scouts, he scaled a vertical cliff in the Batalik Sector to secure the first major victory against the Pakistan Army.
• Service: He was a veteran of the Indian Army's Assam Regiment and the Ladakh Scouts.

• Padma Vibhushan: Conferred in 2008, India's second-highest civilian honor.
• Dadasaheb Phalke Award: Bestowed in 2000; the highest honor in Indian cinema.
• Padma Bhushan: 1999.
• National Film Awards: Received the award for Best Playback Singer twice (in 1981 for *Umrao Jaan* and in 1986 for *Ijaazat*).
• Guinness World Record: Her name was entered into the Guinness Book of World Records in 2011 for recording the highest number of songs (studio recordings) in music history.
• Grammy Nomination: She was the first Indian female singer to be nominated for a Grammy Award.

• Venue: Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia (Organizer: Asian Boxing Confederation - ASBC).
• India's Performance: A total of 16 medals (5 Gold, 3 Silver, 8 Bronze).
• Gold Medalists (Women): Meenakshi (48kg), Preeti Panwar (54kg), Priya (60kg), Arundhati Choudhary (70kg).
• Gold Medalist (Men): Vishwanath Suresh (50kg).
• Rank in Medal Tally: India – 2nd (Kazakhstan secured the 1st position).
• Historic Achievement: The Indian women's boxing team topped the medal tally by winning 10 medals.