• Lok Sabha Rules 373, 374, and 374A: These rules empower the Speaker to suspend members who disrupt the proceedings of the House.
• Article 122: The judiciary cannot inquire into the internal proceedings of Parliament, thereby making the Speaker's decision—in matters such as suspension—pivotal.
• Procedure for Revoking Suspension: The House may terminate a member's suspension at any time by passing a resolution.

Key Services Launched

• 24 Speed Post: This service is for documents, ensuring next-day (D+1) delivery after booking.
• 24 Speed Post Parcel: Specifically designed for parcels, it guarantees next-day delivery.
• 48 Speed Post: This service ensures delivery within two business days (D+2).

Key Features:

• Initial Phase Cities: The service has been launched in 6 metro cities—Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad.
• Expansion Plan: The government aims to expand it across the country and internationally by March 2027.
• Money-Back Guarantee: Full refund of postage charges if delivery is not completed within the promised time (D+1 or D+2).
• Secure & Modern Technology: Includes OTP-based secure delivery, real-time tracking, and SMS alerts.
• Business Benefits: Features like ‘Book Now Pay Later’ (BNPL), bulk pickup, and API integration for e-commerce and corporate clients.
• Operations: The service will operate seven days a week, including Sundays.

Salient Features of the Bill:

• Ban on Unlawful Conversion: Religious conversion carried out under the pretext of marriage or through coercion has been deemed a serious offense, punishable by imprisonment of up to 7 years and a fine ranging from ₹1 lakh to ₹5 lakhs.
• Prior Notice and Reporting: It is mandatory to provide 60 days' prior notice before changing one's religion and to register the change within 25 days thereafter.
• Religious Identity of the Child: If a marriage takes place following an unlawful conversion and results in the birth of a child, the child shall be deemed to belong to the mother's original religion. The child shall be entitled to rights regarding property and maintenance.
• Constitutional Basis: According to the government, this law safeguards individuals against forced religious conversions under Article 25 (Freedom of Religion) of the Constitution.
• Stringent Penalties: This legislation is regarded as one of the strictest anti-conversion laws in India.

• A rare and endemic medicinal herb mainly found in Arunachal Pradesh, India.
• Family & Type:Belongs to the Gesneriaceae family and is a perennial herb.
• Physical Features:Stem: Upright or slightly trailing/creeping.
• Leaves: Usually a single leaf (as the name ‘monophylla’ suggests) or very few simple leaves, ovate or lance-shaped.
• Flowers: Tubular or funnel-shaped with delicate and attractive colors.
• Reproduction: Produces long capsule-like fruits containing numerous small seeds.
• Habitat: Thrives in moist and humid forest environments, especially in the Eastern Himalayan region.

• It is Tamil Nadu's 5th and India's 51st tiger reserve, established in February 2021.
• It spans an area of ​​over 1,016 square kilometers and serves as a crucial corridor within the Western Ghats, situated between the Periyar and Kalakkad-Mundanthurai reserves. This sanctuary is renowned for the conservation of tigers, elephants, and the critically endangered Grizzled Giant Squirrel.

• A newly discovered species of earthworm.
• Discovery Location:Found in the Vazhani dam region of Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife Sanctuary in Thrissur district, Kerala.
• Classification:Belongs to the genus Drawida, naturally distributed in South, Southeast, and East Asia.
• Member of the Moniligastridae family.
• Key Characteristics:Small-bodied species, belonging to the Barwelli species group.

Distinguished by features such as:

• Grooved male genital region
• Kidney or bean-shaped prostate
• Narrow tubular C-shaped prostatic capsule
• A distinct small sessile atrium on the body wall

Significance:

• With this discovery, the total number of Drawida species reported from India and the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot has reached 83 and 55 respectively.

• Types: It has two main types—HSV-1 (primarily oral herpes) and HSV-2 (primarily genital herpes).
• Transmission: It spreads through direct skin-to-skin contact, saliva, or infected bodily fluids.
• Characteristic: This virus can remain latent within nerve cells and reactivate periodically.
• Treatment: There is no permanent cure for it, but antiviral medications help alleviate symptoms.

• Date of Establishment: March 17, 1986
• Nodal Ministry: It functions under the administrative control of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
• Headquarters: New Delhi
• Current Director General (DG): Anurag Garg

Key Functions and Powers:

• Coordinating Body: The NCB serves as the central coordinating point among various central and state agencies involved in drug law enforcement in India.
• International Obligations: It fulfills India's obligations under various international treaties and conventions related to drug trafficking (such as the UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs).
• Intelligence Sharing: The agency shares 'real-time' intelligence with other intelligence bureaus to dismantle trafficking networks.
• Awareness Campaigns: To foster a drug-free society, it periodically conducts the 'Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyan' (Drug-Free India Campaign) and organizes awareness programs (such as the outreach event held at Sri Venkateswara College).
• Legal Framework (NDPS Act, 1985):
• The NCB derives its powers from the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985.
• This Act prescribes stringent penalties for the production, possession, sale, and transportation of narcotic drugs.

List of Winners:

• Assamese: Karahi Khelara Sadhu (Novel) – Debabrata Das
• Bengali: Shreshtha Kabita (Poetry) – Prasun Bandyopadhyay
• Bodo: Dwangwi Lama Mwanse Gathwan (Novel) – Sahisuli Brahma
• Dogri: Thakur Satsayi (Poetry/Couplets) – Khajur Singh Thakur
• English: Crimson Spring (Novel) – Navtej Sarna
• Gujarati: Bhattakhadki (Poetry) – Yogesh Vaidya
• Hindi: Jeete Ji Allahabad (Memoir) – Mamta Kalia
• Kannada: Dada Sirisu Tande (Short Stories) – Amaresh Nugadoni
• Kashmiri: Najdavneki Pot Alav (Poetry) – Ali Shaida
• Konkani: Konkani Kavyem: Rupani ani Rupakam (Essays) – Henry Mendonca (H.M. Pernal)
• Maithili: Dhatri Paat San Gaam (Memoir) – Mahendra
• Malayalam: Mayamanushyar (Novel) – N. Prabhakaran
• Manipuri: Kanglamadriba Eeput (Short Stories) – Haobam Nalini
• Marathi: Kalyanilaya Resha (Autobiography) – Raju Baviskar
• Nepali: Nepali Paramparagat Sanskriti Ra Sabhyatako Dukuti (Essays) – Prakash Bhattarai
• Odia: Padapurana (Poetry) – Girijakumar Baliarsingh
• Punjabi: Surakhya Kit (Stories) – Jinder
• Rajasthani: Bharkhama (Stories) – Jitendra Kumar Soni
• Sanskrit: Prasthana-Chatushtaye Brahma-Ghoshah (Poetry) – Mahamahopadhyaya Sadhu Bhadreshdas
• Santali: Mid Birna Chenne Sao Inag Sagai (Short Stories) – Sumitra Soren
• Sindhi: Waghu (Stories) – Bhagwan Atlani
• Tamil: Thamizh Sirukathaiyin Thadanggal (Literary Criticism) – Sa. Tamilselvan
• Telugu: Animesha (Poetry) – Nandini Sidhareddy
• Urdu: Safar Jaari Hai (Poetry) – Pritpal Singh Betab

Sahitya Akademi Award:

• The Sahitya Akademi Award is India's second most prestigious literary honor, conferred annually since 1954 upon outstanding literary works in 24 languages—comprising the 22 languages ​​listed in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution, as well as English and Rajasthani.
• Establishment and History:
• The Sahitya Akademi was established in 1954, and the first award was presented in 1955. It is considered the second-highest literary honor, following the Jnanpith Award. The awards are presented in 24 languages, which include the 22 languages ​​of the Constitution, along with English and Rajasthani.

• Historic Achievement: Jannik Sinner has become only the third male player in history to win all six ATP Masters 1000 hard-court titles (Indian Wells, Miami, Canada, Cincinnati, Shanghai, and Paris). Prior to him, this feat had been achieved only by Roger Federer and Novak Djokovic.
• Youngest Player: At the age of 24, Sinner has become the youngest player in history to win all six hard-court Masters 1000 titles.
• Victory Without Dropping a Set: Sinner has become the first player in the Open Era (since 1990) to win two consecutive Masters 1000 tournaments—last year's Paris Masters and now Indian Wells—without dropping a single set.
• 25th Career Title: This marked the 25th ATP title of Jannik Sinner's career.

Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP):

• It is the governing body that operates the global professional men's tennis circuit.
• Established: September 1972, to protect the interests of professional tennis players.
• Headquarters: London, United Kingdom.
• ATP Rankings: This organization issues the official world rankings (ATP Rankings) for male tennis players, which serve as the basis for player entry and seeding in tournaments.
• Tournament Categories:
• ATP Masters 1000: The most prestigious tournaments after the Grand Slams (such as Indian Wells). ATP 500 and ATP 250: Classified based on the tournament level and the ranking points awarded.
• ATP Finals: A prestigious season-ending tournament featuring the top 8 players.
• Grand Slam Connection: Wimbledon, the US Open, the French Open, and the Australian Open are organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), but the ATP awards ranking points for these events.

The Four Major Grand Slam Tennis Tournaments:

• Australian Open:
• Timing: Every year in January
• Location: Melbourne, Australia
• Surface: Hard Court
• Distinction: The first Grand Slam of the year

French Open:

• Timing: May–June
• Location: Paris, France
• Surface: Clay Court (Red clay court)
• Distinction: Considered the most physically demanding Grand Slam

Wimbledon:

• Timing: June–July
• Location: London, England
• Surface: Grass Court
• Distinction: The oldest (since 1877), most traditional, and most prestigious tournament

US Open:

• Timing: August–September
• Location: New York, USA
• Surface: Hard Court
• Distinction: The final Grand Slam of the year