GK Update
 
  • Mobile Menu
HOME BUY MAGAZINEnew course icon
LOG IN SIGN UP

Sign-Up IcanDon't Have an Account?


SIGN UP

 

Login Icon

Have an Account?


LOG IN
 

or
By clicking on Register, you are agreeing to our Terms & Conditions.
 
 
 

or
 
 




GK Update

Wed 31 Dec, 2025

National News

Ban on all Nimesulide-containing medicines

  • The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, in December 2025, imposed an immediate ban on all oral Nimesulide medicines containing a dose of more than 100 milligrams (mg).

Related facts:

  • The ban has been imposed under Section 26A of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940.
  • High-dose Nimesulide (an NSAID painkiller) can cause liver toxicity, ulcers, and other serious problems, while safer alternatives are available.
  • Earlier, in 2011, Nimesulide was banned for use in children below 12 years of age, and in January 2025, all formulations for veterinary use were banned.
  • Like Diclofenac, Nimesulide was also found to be toxic to vultures, leading to a sharp decline in their population.
  • Nimesulide is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
  • It is used in the treatment of acute pain.

Section 26A of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940: It empowers the Central Government, in the interest of public health, to regulate, restrict, or prohibit the manufacture, sale, and distribution of any drug or cosmetic.

The Union Cabinet approved two major highway projects

  • The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved two major highway projects on 31 December 2025.
  • These include the Nashik–Solapur–Akkalkot 6-lane greenfield corridor in Maharashtra and the widening of NH-326 in Odisha.

Nashik–Solapur Economic Corridor (Maharashtra):

  • Type: It will be developed as a 6-lane access-controlled highway.
  • Significance: This corridor will significantly reduce the distance and travel time between two major industrial and agricultural hubs of Maharashtra—Nashik and Solapur.
  • Connectivity: The corridor is an important part of the Surat–Chennai Economic Corridor. It will enable faster access for Nashik’s grape and onion producers to markets in South India.

Widening of NH-326 (Odisha):

  • Project: A major stretch of National Highway 326 will be widened and strengthened.
  • Objective: The main objective is to improve connectivity in the backward and tribal regions of Odisha.
  • Benefits: This road will help connect mineral-rich areas with ports and other states, thereby boosting the local economy and employment opportunities.

'Pariksha Pe Charcha 2026'

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi's flagship initiative, 'Pariksha Pe Charcha 2026', has registered over 3 crore registrations by December 30, 2025, including students, parents, and teachers.

Pariksha Pe Charcha:

  • Started: Year 2018
  • Organizer: Government of India – Ministry of Education
  • Key Speaker: Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi
  • Based on the book: “Exam Warriors”
  • Held annually: Usually between January and February
  • The main event often takes place at Talkatora Stadium in Delhi.

Contracts for the procurement of CQB carbines and heavyweight torpedoes

  • The Ministry of Defence, on 30 December 2025, signed contracts worth a total of ₹4,666 crore at South Block, New Delhi, for the procurement of Close Quarter Battle (CQB) carbines and heavyweight torpedoes.
  • A contract worth ₹2,770 crore has been signed with Bharat Forge Limited and PLR Systems Private Limited for the procurement of more than four lakh Close Quarter Battle carbines.

Related facts:

  • This procurement will enhance the firepower of the Indian Army and the Navy, and under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, old systems will be replaced with modern indigenous technologies.
  • Under the second contract, an agreement worth ₹1,896 crore has been signed with Italy’s WASS Submarine Systems S.R.L. for the procurement of 48 heavyweight torpedoes and related equipment for the Kalvari-class P-75 submarines. This will strengthen the combat capability of the six Kalvari-class submarines.
  • The delivery of this equipment will commence from April 2028 and will be completed by early 2030.

Launch of ‘Jal Seva Assessment’

  • The Union Minister for Jal Shakti, C. R. Patil, on 30 December 2025, virtually launched the ‘Jal Seva Assessment’ under the Jal Jeevan Mission.

Related facts:

  • Target: To connect every rural household with ‘Har Ghar Jal’ by 2024–25.
  • Standard: Availability of 55 litres per person per day (LPCD) of water.
  • Participation: Empowering women and ‘Pani Samitis’ with Field Testing Kits (FTKs) for water testing.

International news

Aid appeal launched for Afghanistan

  • The United Nations has launched an aid appeal for $1.71 billion for Afghanistan in 2026.

Related facts:

  • Afghanistan is expected to face one of the world's largest humanitarian crises in the coming year.
  • Approximately 21.9 million people in the country will require assistance.
  • Of these, 17.4 million people are facing severe food insecurity, while 4.7 million are in an emergency situation.

Afghanistan:

  • Hindu Kush mountain range in the central part
  • Highest peak: Noshaq
  • Connects South Asia, Central Asia and West Asia
  • Major rivers: Amu Darya, Kabul River, Hari Rud River, Helmand River
  • Capital: Kabul
  • Currency: Afghan Afghani (AFN)
  • Government system: Interim Taliban rule
  • Main languages: Pashto, Dari
  • International borders: Pakistan (Durand Line), Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China (Wakhan Corridor border)

Denmark becomes the first country to discontinue traditional postal services

  • Denmark has become the first country to discontinue traditional postal services.
  • In Denmark, the 400-year-old system of letter delivery was shut down this week.
  • This decision was taken following the rise in digital communication and a decline of more than 90% in government postal services.

Denmark:

  • Capital: Copenhagen
  • Continent: Europe
  • Region: Northern Europe (Scandinavia)
  • Official name: Kingdom of Denmark
  • Currency: Danish Krone (DKK)
  • Language: Danish

Awards and honors

IFFCO Sahitya Samman 2025

  • Maitreyi Pushpa was awarded the IFFCO Sahitya Samman 2025, and Ankita Jain was honoured with the IFFCO Yuva Sahitya Samman 2025.

Related facts:

Shreelal Shukla Memorial IFFCO Sahitya Samman 2025:

  • Significance: This award is given to writers who, through their writings, prominently highlight rural life, the struggles of farmers, and the issues of marginalised communities.
  • Contribution: Novels by Maitreyi Pushpa such as Alma Kabootari and Idannamm are considered vivid documents of the complexities of rural society and women’s empowerment.
  • Award money: Under this award, a cash prize of ₹11 lakh, a citation, and a memento are presented.
  • Recognition: She is known for her timeless novels such as Alma Kabootari, Idannamm, and Chak.

IFFCO Yuva Sahitya Samman 2025:

  • Significance: This honour is given to encourage young writers who are writing on rural settings.
  • Theme of the book: Oh Re! Kisan presents a deep and research-based perspective on the current challenges of Indian agriculture, the psychological condition of farmers, and the changing nature of the agricultural sector.
  • Award money: It carries a cash prize of ₹1 lakh along with a citation.
  • Ankita Jain received the IFFCO Yuva Sahitya Samman for her book Oh Re! Kisan.

13th Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum International Sports Awards

  • The winners of the 13th Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum International Sports Awards were announced at the World Sports Summit in Dubai.
  • Among the awardees, Serbian tennis star Novak Djokovic was honored with the Global Lifetime Achievement Award.
  • These awards were established in 2008.

Person In News

Khaleda Zia Passes Away

  • Khaleda Zia, the first female Prime Minister of Bangladesh, has passed away at the age of 80.
  • External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar will attend Khaleda Zia's funeral.

Related Facts:

  • Khaleda Zia was not only the first female Prime Minister of Bangladesh but also the second female Prime Minister in the Muslim world (after Benazir Bhutto).
  • Prime Ministerial Tenure: She served as the Prime Minister of Bangladesh three times (1991–1996, 1996, and 2001–2006).
  • Restoration of Democracy: She waged a fierce struggle against the military dictatorship in the 1980s and for the restoration of democracy, which earned her the title of "Uncompromising Leader."

Economy and Banking

India's Economy by 2047-48: Ernst & Young

  • According to a report by the international rating agency Ernst & Young, India could become a $26 trillion economy by 2047-48.

Related Facts:

  • The report estimates that the current per capita income will increase sixfold to approximately $15,000.
  • By 2030, India is expected to surpass Germany and Japan to become the world's third-largest economy after China and the United States.

Sports news

Women's T20 Cricket Series

  • The Indian women's cricket team won the fifth and final match of the five-match T20 series against Sri Lanka by 15 runs, played on home soil in December 2025, thus completing a 5-0 clean sweep of the series.
  • Captain Harmanpreet Kaur was declared Player of the Match and Shafali Verma was declared Player of the Series.

Art and Culture

2,000-Year-Old Ancient Buddhist Site Discovered

  • A 2,000-year-old ancient Buddhist site has been discovered in Jehanpora village of Baramulla district in Jammu and Kashmir.
  • The site contains the remains of stupas, monasteries, and other structures from the Kushan period, reflecting Kashmir's rich Buddhist past and India's cultural history.

Related Facts:

  • Location: Jehanpora village, Baramulla district, Jammu and Kashmir.
  • Age: Approximately 2,000 years old.
  • Discovery: Stupas, monasteries, and other Buddhist structures were found beneath an ordinary mound of earth.
  • Historical Significance: This discovery indicates that Kashmir was an important center of Buddhism during the Kushan period and was connected to Gandhara.
  • Assistance in Identification: Old photographs found in a museum in France helped archaeologists identify and excavate the site.

 

Latest Courses