• Objective: To provide quality education to Scheduled Tribe (ST) children living in remote areas (Classes VI to XII)
• Launched: 1997–98
• Ministry: Ministry of Tribal Affairs
• Facilities: Free education, boarding and lodging, meals, textbooks, uniforms, modern classrooms, laboratories, playgrounds, computer labs, etc.
• Curriculum: Schools are affiliated with the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)

• Guaranteed employment: Each rural household will be entitled to 125 days of unskilled manual work per financial year, increased from the existing 100 days.
• Seasonal flexibility: To ensure the availability of agricultural labour during peak farming seasons (sowing and harvesting), State Governments may suspend the scheme for up to 60 days in a year.

Funding pattern (Centre–State sharing):

• States: 60 : 40
• North-Eastern and Himalayan States: 90 : 10
• Union Territories without legislatures: 100% funding by the Centre
• Technology integration: Provision for biometric authentication, AI-based fraud detection, and integration of a “Viksit Gram Panchayat Plan” with PM Gati Shakti.

Four priority areas of works:

• Water Security
• Core Rural Infrastructure
• Livelihood Assets
• Climate-resilient works to mitigate extreme weather events

• OTT content is regulated under Part III of the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021.

Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC):

• The CBFC is a statutory authority established under the Cinematograph Act, 1952 for the examination and certification of cinematographic films for public exhibition.

About CBFC:

• Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Established under: Cinematograph Act, 1952
• Ministry: Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India

Film Certification Categories:

• U: Suitable for all age groups
• UA: Parental guidance advised for children below 12 years
• A: Restricted to adults
• S: Restricted to a special class of persons (such as doctors, scientists, etc.)

• The Bill seeks to amend the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016.
• Group insolvency enables a consolidated resolution process for entities within a corporate group, while the Court-initiated Creditor-Initiated Insolvency Resolution Process (CIIRP) ensures resolution of genuine business failures within 150 days.
• Insolvency: A situation in which an entity is unable to repay its outstanding debts.

• Occasion: Completion of 50 years of the establishment of Indian schools and the Indian education system in Oman
• Objective: To highlight the contribution of the Indian expatriate community in Oman over the past five decades and to showcase educational cooperation between India and Oman
• Symbolism: The name ‘Maitri Parv’ represents the enduring friendship (Maitri) between India and Oman and celebrates this historic milestone (Parv)
• First Indian school in Oman: Established in Muscat in the early 1970s
• Indian School Muscat (ISM): Established on 15 August 1975
• Historical note: As early as 1941, a Gujarati-medium school was started in Muscat for children of the Gujarati business community

• Capital: Riyadh
• Form of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
• Official Language: Arabic
• Currency: Saudi Riyal (SAR)
• King: Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

• Crown Prince and Prime Minister: Mohammed bin Salman (MBS), regarded as the de facto ruler of the country
• National Day: 23 September
• Religious Significance: Home to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest cities of Islam

• Partnership: Launched through a collaboration between Google Pay and Axis Bank
• Network: Built on the RuPay network, enabling acceptance across millions of online and offline merchants that support RuPay
• Digital Experience: Users can apply, get approval, and start using the card directly through the app, with no physical paperwork
• UPI Integration: Can be linked to a UPI account to make credit payments by scanning QR codes
• Instant Rewards: Reward points or cashback are credited instantly and can be used for the next payment, without waiting until month-end
• Card Management: Bill payments, EMI conversion, PIN reset, and other services can be managed via the Google Pay app
• Rollout: Being rolled out gradually to users; currently available via a waitlist

Note: This launch marks a major milestone in India’s fintech ecosystem, offering easy access to digital credit, especially for youth and first-time credit users.

• Features: This Khadi fabric is renowned for its fine texture, made from cotton cleaned with fish bones, spun on a Gandhi charkha (spinning wheel), and featuring a yarn count of 100-120. Mahatma Gandhi associated it with the Swadeshi movement a hundred years ago. In 2020, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman visited the village and assured them of a GI tag.
• Significance: The GI tag ensures the unique identity and intellectual property protection of the product, providing economic benefits to the artisans. It is also linked to the One District One Product (ODOP) scheme.

• Compliance with PUC norms is being monitored through a camera-based surveillance system.
• The Delhi Government has also imposed a complete ban on trucks carrying construction materials into the capital.
• From 18 December 2025, private vehicles below the BS-6 emission category will not be allowed to enter Delhi.

• Presided over by: Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) Air Chief Marshal A.P. Singh
• Chief Guest: Defence Minister Rajnath Singh
• Key Discussion: Success of 'Operation Sindoor' and the Indian Air Force's strike capabilities
• The Defence Minister highlighted cyber warfare, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and space-enabled capabilities as essential for modern warfare.

Western Air Command (WAC) Conference - November 2025:

• Location: New Delhi
• Theme: "Developing a Capable Indian Air Force"
• Highlight: Emphasis on indigenous systems such as autonomous drones and space-enabled ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance)

Combined Commanders' Conference - September 2025:

• Location: Kolkata
• Main Focus: Review of 'integration' among the three services and the formation of 'Theatre Commands'
• Address: Prime Minister Narendra Modi called for innovation and self-reliance to meet future security challenges

Important Facts:

• Current Chief of the Air Staff: Air Chief Marshal Amar Preet (A.P.) Singh
• Headquarters: Vayu Bhawan, New Delhi
• Motto: Nabhah Sprisham Deeptam (Touch the Sky with Glory)

• Total Value: India's total defence production has increased to ₹1,50,590 crore in FY 2024-25.
• Growth: This represents a remarkable annual growth of approximately 18% compared to the previous year (₹1.27 lakh crore).
• Long-term surge: Production has seen a massive increase of nearly 90% compared to 2019-20 (₹79,071 crore).

Public vs. Private Sector Contribution:

• Government Companies (DPSUs): They continue to dominate with approximately 77% share of the total production.
• Private Sector: Its share has increased to 23% (from 21% in 2023-24). Private companies have registered an annual growth of 28% in production.

Defence Exports:

• Export Figure: Defence exports reached a record level of ₹23,622 crore in 2024-25.
• Exported Items: India is currently exporting equipment such as bulletproof jackets, Dornier aircraft, BrahMos missiles, and radars to more than 100 countries (including the USA, France, and Armenia).
• Defence Corridors: Special defence industrial corridors are being rapidly developed in Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Defence Corridor:

Uttar Pradesh:

• Total Nodes: 6 {Jhansi (where the foundation stone for a Bharat Dynamics Limited unit was recently laid), Chitrakoot, Kanpur (Adani Defence's ammunition complex is located here), Lucknow (BrahMos missile manufacturing centre is being built here), Agra, Aligarh}
• Main Focus: Missile manufacturing, heavy vehicles, ammunition, and aerospace components

Tamil Nadu Defence Industrial Corridor (TNDIC):

• Total Nodes: 5 (Chennai, Coimbatore, Hosur, Salem, Tiruchirappalli)
• Main Focus: Tank components, armoured vehicles, electronics, radar systems, and aircraft maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO)

• This visit focuses on strengthening maritime cooperation between the two countries, including anti-pollution exercises, VBSS (Visit, Board, Search, and Seizure), SAR (Search and Rescue), and MLE (Maritime Law Enforcement). Chabahar is a strategic route for India, Afghanistan, and Central Asia.

• Born in 1925 in Dhule district of Maharashtra, Sutar was a gold medalist from the J.J. School of Art and Architecture in Mumbai.
• His famous sculptures include the statue of Mahatma Gandhi in a meditative pose and the equestrian statue of Chhatrapati Shivaji, both located in the Parliament complex.
• Sutar was awarded the Padma Shri in 1999 and the Padma Bhushan in 2016.
• He was also recently honored with the state's highest award, the Maharashtra Bhushan Award.

• Organizers: Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India and the World Health Organization (WHO)
• Venue: Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi
• Theme: "Restoring Balance: The Science and Practice of Health and Well-being"
• Participants: Policy makers, scientists, traditional medicine practitioners, and global health leaders from over 100 countries
• This summit builds upon the success of the first summit held in Gandhinagar, Gujarat in 2023.