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GK Update

Fri 12 Dec, 2025

National News

India’s First Indigenous Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vessel

  • Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal flagged off India’s first indigenous hydrogen fuel cell vessel in Varanasi.

Key Facts:

  • Launched by: Sarbananda Sonowal (Union Minister of Ports, Shipping and Waterways)
  • Location: Namo Ghat, Varanasi
  • Manufacturer: Cochin Shipyard Limited
  • Global Standing: India joins the league of China, Norway, the Netherlands, and Japan
  • Energy System: Hybrid (Hydrogen fuel cell + Battery + Solar energy)
  • Operation Duration: Up to 8 hours on a single fill
  • Special Feature: Noise-free travel with nearly zero emissions

Reduction in Rail Accidents in India

  • According to Union Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, rail accidents in the country have decreased by 90%.
  • During 2004–2014, there were 1,711 rail accidents; this number dropped to 31 in 2024–2025, and further to 11 in 2025–2026.

Indian Railways:

  • Establishment of Railway Board: 1905
  • Chairperson & CEO: Jaya Verma Sinha
  • Beginning of Railways in India: 16 April 1853 (34 km line between Mumbai and Thane)
  • Father of Indian Railways: Lord Dalhousie
  • Total Zones in Indian Railways: 19 (including 1 Metro Railway Zone: Kolkata, considered a separate zonal railway)

Under Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana

  • According to Health and Family Welfare Minister Pratap Rao Jadhav, 1,184 hospitals have been delisted from the Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) due to fraudulent activities.
  • Additionally, 411 hospitals have been suspended by various States and Union Territories.

Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY):

  • Launched: September 2018
  • Launched by: Prime Minister Narendra Modi
  • Ministry: Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
  • Implementing Agency: National Health Authority (NHA), an autonomous body chaired by the Union Health & Family Welfare Minister
  • State Level: State Health Agency (SHA) headed by a CEO appointed by the State Government
  • District Level: District Implementation Unit (DIU) headed by the DC/DM/Collector

International News

Clash on Thailand-Cambodia Border

  • India has expressed hope that all measures will be taken to ensure the full protection of the UNESCO World Heritage site Preah Vihear Temple and its associated conservation centers amid ongoing clashes on the Thailand-Cambodia border.
  • The Preah Vihear Temple, a World Heritage site, represents the shared cultural heritage of humanity, and India has been involved in its preservation.

Preah Vihear Temple:

  • Location: On the summit of the Dangrek Mountains in northern Cambodia, near the Thai border
  • Construction Period: Primarily 9th–12th centuries during the Khmer Empire
  • Dedicated to: Lord Shiva
  • Architectural Style: An outstanding example of Khmer architecture, featuring a long approach, multiple courtyards, and exquisite carvings
  • UNESCO World Heritage: Listed in 2008
  • Significance: Highly important religiously, culturally, and architecturally; also renowned for its unique natural vistas due to its elevated location

State News

Inauguration of Development Projects in Manipur

  • President Draupadi Murmu inaugurated six different development projects being implemented in Senapati district of Manipur.
  • She also laid the foundation stone for five other development projects in the district.
  • These projects include a model residential school developed at a cost of ₹25 crore, two primary health centres upgraded at a cost of ₹10 crore, and two Bailey bridges constructed at a cost of ₹11 crore.

Manipur:

  • Statehood: January 21, 1972
  • Governor: Ajay Kumar Bhalla
  • Lake: Loktak
  • Tribes: Aimol, Angami, Gangte, Koirao, Lamgang, Maring, Monsang, Puram, Ralte, Suhte, Thadou, Zo, Tarao, Kharam
  • Bordering States: Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram
  • Major Protected Areas: Keibul Lamjao National Park, Shirui National Park, Kailam Wildlife Sanctuary, Zeilad Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Festivals: Lai-Haraoba, Yaoshang (Dol Jatra), Rath Jatra, Ramzan Eid, Kut (Kuki-Chin-Mizo), Gang-Ngai, Chumpha, Christmas, Cheiraoba, Hekru Hidongba, Ningol Chakouba, Lui Ngai Ni, Kwak Jatra

Madhya Pradesh Declared Naxal-Free

  • Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Mohan Yadav declared the state Naxal-free following the surrender of two Maoists in Balaghat district.
  • The Naxals, Deepak and Rohit, surrendered yesterday in Balaghat. Deepak had a reward of ₹29 lakh and Rohit ₹14 lakh.

Madhya Pradesh :

  • Highest Peak: Dhupgarh
  • Longest River: Narmada
  • Foundation Day: 1 November 1956
  • Soil Types: Black soil, red and yellow soil, alluvial soil, laterite soil, mixed soil
  • Capital: Bhopal
  • Other Names: Heart of India, Soyab Pradesh, Tiger State, Leopard State
  • State Animal: Barasingha
  • State Flower: White Lily
  • State Dance: Rai
  • State Sport: Mallakhamb

30th International Film Festival of Kerala

  • The 30th International Film Festival of Kerala was inaugurated in Thiruvananthapuram.
  • The opening film, “Palestine-36” by Annemarie Jacir, had won the Best Film Award at the Tokyo International Film Festival. The festival will run until 19 December.
  • During the ceremony, Mauritanian filmmaker and renowned African cinema artist Abderrahmane Sissako will be honoured with the Lifetime Achievement Award.

Kerala :

  • Capital: Thiruvananthapuram
  • Founded: 1 November 1956
  • Nickname: “God’s Own Country”
  • Languages: Malayalam (official), English
  • Major Rivers: Periyar, Bharathapuzha
  • Famous Cities: Kochi, Kozhikode, Alappuzha
  • Major Dances: Kathakali, Mohiniyattam, Thiruvathira, Kudiyattam, Theyyam
  • Major Festivals: Onam (state festival), Vishu, Thrissur Pooram

Awards and Honors

Golden Globes Horizon Award 2025

  • Bollywood star Alia Bhatt was honoured with the Golden Globes Horizon Award at the 5th edition of the Red Sea International Film Festival held in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Other Awards at the Ceremony:

  • Rekha: Received the Honorary Award for her contribution to cinema
  • Aamir Khan and Hollywood actress Emily Blunt: Honoured during the festival’s Opening Night
  • Tunisian actress Hend Sabry: Awarded the Omar Sharif Award

Person of the Year 2025

  • Time magazine has named “Architects of AI” as the Person of the Year 2025.
  • This recognition is not given to a single individual but to the group of people who envisioned, designed, and built Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Key Figures Included in “Architects of AI” (Examples):

  • Jensen Huang: CEO of Nvidia
  • Sam Altman: CEO of OpenAI
  • Mark Zuckerberg: Head of Meta
  • Elon Musk: Founder of xAI
  • Lisa Su: CEO of Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)
  • Demis Hassabis: CEO of Google DeepMind
  • Dario Amodei: CEO of Anthropic
  • Fei-Fei Li: Director of Stanford Human-Centered AI Institute

Lucknow Included in UNESCO Creative Cities Network (Gastronomy Category)

  • Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh, has been included in the “Gastronomy” category of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN).
  • The honour was presented to Lucknow Mayor Sushma Kharkwal by Ernesto Ottone R., Assistant Director-General for Culture at UNESCO.
  • Lucknow has also received a special invitation to the annual UCCN conference to be held in Essaouira, Morocco, in 2026.

Key Facts:

  • Reason for Inclusion: Recognition of Lucknow’s rich Awadhi and Mughlai culinary heritage, including kebabs, biryani, and special sweets
  • Significance for India: Lucknow becomes the second Indian city after Hyderabad (2019) to receive this honour

UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN):

  • Established: 2004 by UNESCO
  • Network Size: 408 cities from over 100 countries
  • Indian Cities in UCCN: 9 cities, including Lucknow

Person In News

Jasprit Bumrah

  • Jasprit Bumrah became India’s first bowler to take 100 or more wickets in all three formats – Test, ODI, and T20I.
  • He achieved this milestone in the first T20I against South Africa in Cuttack, when he dismissed Dewald Brevis, completing 100 T20I wickets.

Career Wickets:

  • Bumrah is the fifth bowler in the world to achieve this feat—after Lasith Malinga, Tim Southee, Shakib Al Hasan, and Shaheen Afridi.
  • He is the third fast bowler on this list.

Shivraj Patil Passes Away

  • Former Union Minister Shivraj Patil passed away at the age of 90 in Latur.

Key Facts:

  • Speaker of the Lok Sabha: 1991–1996
  • Parliamentary Career: Seven-time MP from Latur Lok Sabha constituency
  • Union Minister of Home Affairs: 2004–2008 in the UPA government
  • Governor of Punjab & Administrator of Chandigarh: 2010–2015

Important days

Universal Health Coverage Day

  • Universal Health Coverage Day (UHCD) is observed every year on 12 December.
  • The day promotes the goal of making quality health services accessible, affordable, and free from financial hardship for all.

Key Facts:

  • It is part of UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.8, aiming to achieve universal health coverage by 2030.
  • Established: Commemorates the 12 December 2012 UN General Assembly resolution urging countries to accelerate progress toward universal health coverage.
  • Official UN Declaration: 12 December 2017
  • Theme 2025: “Can’t afford health services? We’re fed up!”

Sports News

FIDE Circuit 2025

  • Indian Grandmaster R. Praggnanandhaa secured the top position in the FIDE Circuit 2025 with 115.17 points, winning the title.
  • This achievement qualifies him for the 2026 Candidates Tournament.

Key Facts:

  • Winner: Indian GM Rameshbabu Praggnanandhaa
  • Qualification: Direct qualification to the 2026 Candidates Tournament as a result of winning the circuit
  • Significance: Praggnanandhaa becomes the first Indian male player to qualify for the Candidates Tournament via the FIDE Circuit

Top Rankings:

  • R. Praggnanandhaa, India: 115.17 points
  • Anish Giri, Netherlands: 81.18 points
  • Nodirbek Abdusattorov, Uzbekistan: 71.61 points

 

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