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GK Update

Thu 04 Dec, 2025

National News

“Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan”

  • The Government of India has allocated nearly ₹80,000 crore for the development of more than 63,000 tribal-dominated villages under the Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan.
  • This campaign was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 1 October 2024 in Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, and focuses on improving health, education, infrastructure, and livelihoods.

Related Facts:

  • The campaign is dedicated to the tribal icon Birsa Munda, who is known as “Dharti Aaba” (Father of the Earth).
  • Objective: To improve the socio-economic status of tribal-dominated villages by addressing major infrastructure gaps and ensuring “saturation coverage” of government schemes.
  • Implementation: Being carried out through 25 specific interventions.

Number of Airports in the Country

  • According to Minister of State for Civil Aviation Murlidhar Mohol, the number of operational airports in the country has doubled in the past eleven years, increasing from 74 to 164.
  • The Union Minister stated that the Regional Connectivity Scheme – UDAN (Ude Desh Ka Aam Naagrik), launched in 2016, has significantly enhanced regional air connectivity.
  • Mohol further informed that around 24 crore passengers travelled on domestic and international flights during 2024–25.

100-Day Intensive Awareness Campaign: For a Child Marriage-Free India

  • Union Minister for Women and Child Development Annapurna Devi launched a 100-day intensive awareness campaign in New Delhi to promote a Child Marriage-Free India.
  • This initiative was organized to mark the first anniversary of the Child Marriage-Free India Campaign.
  • The campaign will conclude next year on the occasion of International Women’s Day.

Related Facts:

  • Inspiration: The intensive campaign is being launched to commemorate the first anniversary of the Child Marriage-Free India Campaign, which began on 27 November 2024.
  • Duration: 100 days (approximately from 27 November 2025 to 8 March 2026, ending on International Women’s Day).
  • National Goal: The Government aims to make India child marriage-free by 2030.

India’s Electric Vehicle Market

  • According to Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari, India’s electric vehicle (EV) market is expected to reach ₹20 lakh crore by 2030, and annual sales of electric vehicles will touch one crore units.

Related Facts:

  • He stated that currently 5.7 million (57 lakh) electric vehicles are registered in the country.
  • Sales of electric vehicles have increased by more than 20%.
  • Sales of petrol and diesel have grown by 4.2%.

90% of Airspace Declared as Green Zone

  • According to Minister of State for Civil Aviation Murlidhar Mohol, around 90% of the airspace has been declared as Green Zone, where drones can be operated without any permission.

Related Facts:

  • He stated that in Yellow Zones, drone operations require approval from the concerned Air Traffic Control (ATC).
  • To promote the manufacturing of drones and drone components in the country, the government implemented a Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme from 2021–22 to 2023–24.
  • More than 37,000 drones have been registered and provided with a Unique Identification Number (UIN).
  • The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has also approved 226 Remote Pilot Training Organizations.

International News

Indian Sailor Anil Kumar Ravindran Released from Yemen

  • Indian sailor Anil Kumar Ravindran has been released after being held captive for five months by Houthi rebels in Yemen.

Related Facts:

  • He was detained on 7 July 2025 after the attack on the Liberia-flagged cargo ship MV Eternity C in the Red Sea.
  • Ravindran, a 52-year-old former soldier from Pathiyoor, Kerala, was a crew member on the ship.
  • In the attack, the ship sank; four crew members were killed, and 11 were taken hostage.

Presidency of International IDEA

  • India has been elected as the President of the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) for the year 2026, to be represented by Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar.
  • India will succeed the outgoing President, Switzerland.
  • India has been a member of the intergovernmental democracy and electoral institute since 2017.

About International IDEA:

  • Established in 1995, International IDEA is an intergovernmental organization with 37 current member countries, including the USA and Japan as observers.
  • India is a founding member of the organization.

46th Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Summit

  • The 46th Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Summit was held in Manama, the capital of Bahrain.
  • The summit took place at Al-Sakhir Palace under the chairmanship of His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa of Bahrain.
  • At the conclusion of the summit, the leaders adopted the “Sakhir Declaration”, reaffirming their commitment to deeper political, security, and economic integration.

About the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC):

Established: May 1981 Headquarters: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Member Countries (6 members): Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and UAE

Science and Technology

Nanoplastics Released from Single-Use PET Bottles

  • A new Indian study has shown that nanoplastics generated from single-use PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles can directly affect critical biological systems essential for human health.
  • The study was conducted by the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, an autonomous institute under the Department of Science & Technology (DST).

Related Facts:

  • Impact on Gut Bacteria: Nanoplastics can disrupt the gut microbiome, leading to microbial imbalance.
  • Impact on Blood Cells: At high concentrations, nanoplastics can damage red blood cell membranes and cause their premature destruction.
  • Impact on Cellular Activities: Prolonged exposure can lead to DNA damage, oxidative stress, cell death (apoptosis), and increased signs of inflammation in cells.

Sports News

FEI Asian Equestrian Competition 2025

  • The FEI Asian Equestrian Competition 2025 was held in Pattaya, Thailand from 23 November to 3 December 2025.

Key Highlights:

  • Venue: Pattaya, Thailand
  • Dates: 23 November – 3 December 2025
  • India’s Medal Tally: Total 5 medals

Medal Winners:

  • Ashish Limaye: Gold medal in individual competition
  • Team of Shashank Singh Kataria and Shashank Kanmuri: Silver medal
  • Shruti Vora: Three silver medals, including a team medal

Additional Facts:

  • This was India’s first participation in this continental competition.
  • A 16-member Indian delegation led the country in the event.

Defence News

India-Russia Inter-Governmental Commission Ministerial Meeting

  • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and Russian Defence Minister Andrei Belousov will co-chair the 22nd India-Russia Inter-Governmental Commission (IGC) ministerial meeting in New Delhi, focusing on military and military-technical cooperation.

Bilateral Air Exercise ‘Garuda’

  • The 8th edition of the bilateral air exercise ‘Garuda’ between the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the French Air and Space Force (FASF) was held at Mont-de-Marsan Air Base, France.

Details of the Exercise:

  • Exercise Name: Garuda
  • Edition: 8th edition (Garuda-25)
  • Dates: 16–27 November 2025
  • Venue: Mont-de-Marsan Air Base, France

Important days

International Cheetah Day 2025

  • International Cheetah Day is observed every year on 4 December.
  • It was initiated in 2010 by Dr. Laurie Marker, founder of the Cheetah Conservation Fund (CCF), and is named in memory of the cheetah Khayyam.

Related Facts:

  • The day also highlights the success of Project Cheetah.
  • Conservation Status: The cheetah is Africa’s most endangered large cat and is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.

About Cheetah:

  • One of the oldest species among big cats.
  • The fastest land mammal in the world, found in Africa and Asia.

Conservation Status:

  • IUCN Red List:
  • African Cheetah: Vulnerable
  • Asiatic Cheetah: Critically Endangered
  • CITES Listing: Both species are listed under Appendix I

Distribution:

  • African Cheetah: Approximately 6,500–7,000 in the wild
  • Asiatic Cheetah: Extremely limited population of 40–50 found only in Iran

Indian Navy Day 2025

  • Indian Navy Day is celebrated every year on 4 December.
  • The day honors the bravery of the Indian Navy during the 1971 India-Pakistan war.
  • On 4 December 1971, under Operation Trident, the Indian Navy successfully attacked the Karachi port of Pakistan, marking the first use of anti-ship missiles.
  • This year, Navy Day was celebrated at Shanmugham Beach, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.

Indian Navy:

Motto: Shaṃ No Varuna Navy Day: 4 December Chief: Dinesh Kumar Tripathi

Economy and Banking

India’s GDP Growth Forecast: Fitch

  • Global rating agency Fitch has revised India’s GDP growth forecast for FY 2026 from 6.9% to 7.4%.

Related Facts:

  • For FY 2027, the agency projects a slowdown, with India’s growth rate expected to drop to 6.4%, driven mainly by domestic demand.
  • Fitch also indicated a strong Indian rupee next year, expected to remain around ₹87 per US dollar.

 

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