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GK Update

Thu 04 Sep, 2025

National News

Launch of the ‘Brain Health Initiative’

  • NITI Aayog has launched the ‘Brain Health Initiative’, which will be implemented at the district and block levels in India.
  • This initiative is a significant step towards human resource empowerment and has been launched under the leadership of the Additional Secretary and Mission Director of NITI Aayog.
  • It has been initiated as a pilot program in 12 aspirational districts of the country.

NITI Aayog:

  • Formation: January 2015
  • Full name: National Institution for Transforming India
  • Headquarters: New Delhi
  • Chairman: Prime Minister of India (currently Narendra Modi

International News

UAE Issues Stern Warning to Israel

  • The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has issued a stern warning to Israel, stating that any plan to annex or occupy the West Bank would be considered a “red line” for Abu Dhabi.
  • The UAE has further emphasized that such a move could seriously undermine the relations established between the two countries under the Abraham Accords.

United Arab Emirates (UAE) :

  • Located in the Middle East (Arabian Peninsula), bordered by Saudi Arabia and Oman
  • Capital: Abu Dhabi
  • Currency: (UAE) Dirham (AED)

Singapore Prime Minister on India Visit

  • Singapore’s Prime Minister Lawrence Wong is on a three-day visit to India at the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
  • This is his first official visit as Prime Minister.

Singapore :

  • Location: An island city-state located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia
  • Borders: Malaysia to the north (separated by the Johor Strait), Indonesia to the south (separated by the Singapore Strait)
  • Capital: Singapore (the entire country is a city-state)
  • Currency: Singapore dollar (SGD)

State News

First Place in the Eradication of Senna spectabilis

  • Kerala has secured the first position in India for the eradication of the invasive alien plant Senna spectabilis (commonly known as Calceolaria Shower).
  • This invasive plant poses a serious threat to native biodiversity. It spreads rapidly, eliminates local species, alters the chemical composition of the soil, and creates a shortage of food for wildlife.

Senna spectabilis :

  • Scientific name : Senna spectabilis
  • Common name : Golden shower cassia, ornamental plant
  • Family : Fabaceae
  • Origin : South America (Brazil, Peru etc.)
  • Status in India : Exotic species, which has now become invasive.

Installation of Vikramaditya Vedic Clock

  • A Vikramaditya Vedic Clock has been installed at the residence of Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Mohan Yadav, which he inaugurated on 31 August 2025.

Vikramaditya Vedic Clock:

  • Features: Time measurement based on Indian calendar and Vedic system.
  • Time calculation: The clock tells the time according to the position of the sun and Indian calendar.
  • Difference: It divides the time into 30 ghatis (clocks) instead of 24 hours.
  • Other features: It also gives information about Vedic time components like Nakshatra, Tithi, Yoga, Karan etc.
  • Importance: An attempt to connect Indian ancient astronomy and Vedic tradition with modern technology

“Samarth Uttar Pradesh – Viksit Uttar Pradesh 2047” Campaign

  • The Government of Uttar Pradesh has launched the campaign “Samarth Uttar Pradesh – Viksit Uttar Pradesh 2047”, with the goal of making the state a 6-trillion-dollar economy by 2047.

Approval of 15 Proposals: Uttar Pradesh

  • The Uttar Pradesh Cabinet, on 2 September 2025, approved 15 important proposals related to the development of the state.

Major proposals:

  • Establishment of Uttar Pradesh Outsourcing Service Corporation
  • Approval of new electronic policy for the next 6 years
  • Approval of Uttar Pradesh Export Promotion Policy 2025-30
  • Establishment of 'Integrated Regional Center' for Empowerment of Disabled People in Varanasi
  • Approval of Net Cost Contract (NCC) model for operation of e-buses in Lucknow and Kanpur
  • Approval of establishment of 'Swami Shukdevanand State University' in Shahjahanpur

Country’s First Senior Citizens Commission

  • The Government of Kerala has established the country’s first Senior Citizens Commission under the Kerala State Senior Citizens Commission Act, 2025.
  • The objective of this commission is to protect the rights of the elderly, ensure their welfare, and address issues such as neglect and abuse.

Economy and Banking

MOIL Records Its Best-Ever Performance

  • MOIL (Manganese Ore India Limited) achieved its highest-ever production in August 2025 by producing 1.45 lakh tonnes, marking a 17% increase compared to the same period last year.

Related Facts:

  • Sales in August 2025: 1.13 lakh tonnes (25.6% growth YoY)
  • Production in April-August 2025: 7.92 lakh tonnes (9.3% growth YoY)
  • Drilling in April-August 2025: 50,621 metres (8.6% growth YoY)
  • MOIL:
  • Full Name: (Manganese Ore (India) Limited)
  • Founded in: June 1962, Headquarters: Nagpur, Maharashtra
  • Status: Schedule 'A' Miniratna Category-I PSU
  • Products: Manganese Ore, EMD, Fair-grade Manganese
  • Mining Area: 11 mines in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh (9 in Maharashtra and 2 in Madhya Pradesh)
  • Current CMD: Ajit Kumar Saxena

Quarterly Bulletin of Unorganised Sector Enterprises

  • The National Statistical Office (NSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) has released the first-ever Quarterly Bulletin on Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (QBUSE).
  • This bulletin includes estimates for January–March 2025 and April–June 2025.

QBUSE Key Points (Jan-Mar 2025 & Apr-Jun 2025):

Establishments and Workforce:

  • Total number of establishments increased from 7.85 crore to 7.94 crore
  • This growth was mainly driven by trade (+3.63%) and other services (+3.13%), while manufacturing declined by 4.7%
  • Rural workforce increased from 5.97 crore to 6.25 crore

Workforce Composition and Participation:

  • Share of employed owners increased from 58.29% to 60.18%, indicating an increase in self-employment
  • Share of women in the workforce remained above 28% in both quarters
  • Digital Adoption: Percentage of establishments using internet increased from 34.20% to 36.03%

Approval for Recycling and Production of Critical Minerals

  • The Union Cabinet has approved an incentive scheme worth ₹1,500 crore for the recycling and production of critical minerals.
  • This scheme is part of the National Critical Minerals Mission (NCMM) and aims to strengthen the domestic capacity and supply chain of critical minerals.

Scheme Key Points:

  • Duration: 2025-26 to 2030-31 (6 years)
  • Incentive: 20% capital expenditure subsidy
  • Cap: Large unit ₹50 crore, small unit ₹25 crore
  • Operational subsidy: 2026-27 to 2030-31
  • Capacity: 270 kilotonnes recycling, 40 kilotonnes mineral production
  • Investment: ₹8,000 crore, Employment: 70,000

56th Meeting of the GST Council

  • The 56th meeting of the GST Council was held on 3–4 September 2025 in New Delhi, chaired by Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman.

Key Highlights:

  • Old slabs 12% & 28% removed → Now 5% & 18%, plus 40% for luxury & tobacco.
  • Daily-use goods (oil, shampoo, soap, toothpaste, small TV, <350cc bikes) → 18%.
  • Health relief → Life-saving drugs & health/life insurance exempted.
  • Food → All Indian breads 0% GST.
  • Clothes & shoes up to ₹2,500 → 5% GST.
  • MSME registration in 3 days.
  • Effective from 22 Sept 2025.

Limit for Intraday Equity Index Derivatives

  • The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has introduced a new framework to monitor intraday positions in equity index derivatives.
  • The objective of this framework is to manage large risks and maintain stability in the market.

Related Facts:

  • Net intraday position limit per unit in index options raised to Rs 5,000 crore
  • End of day limit is currently Rs 1,500 crore
  • Gross intraday limit to remain at Rs 10,000 crore
  • Effective date: Effective from October 1, 2025

Agreement between Merck and Tata Electronics

  • Science and technology company Merck and Tata Electronics have signed an MoU to enhance cooperation in the semiconductor sector.
  • This partnership will focus on semiconductor materials, manufacturing infrastructure, and specialized chemical and gas distribution.

Key Facts:

  • Tata Electronics is developing India’s first semiconductor fabrication plant in Dholera, Gujarat, with an investment of about ₹91,000 crore (USD 11 billion).
  • The plant will produce chips for automobiles, mobile devices, AI systems, and global applications.
  • Merck will provide Tata with high-purity electronic materials, gas and chemical delivery systems, turnkey fabrication infrastructure, and the AI-powered data analytics platform Athinia.

Reports and Indexes

‘World Mental Health Today’ and ‘Mental Health Atlas 2024’

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) has released two important reports — ‘World Mental Health Today’ and ‘Mental Health Atlas 2024’.
  • These reports highlight the global status of mental health, the growing challenges, and the urgent reforms needed in this field.

According to the report:

  • 1 billion+ people in the world are affected by mental health problems
  • 14% of the global population suffers from mental disorders
  • Gender differences: Women are more affected by anxiety, depression and eating disorders

Suicide:

  • Second leading cause of death among women aged 15–29
  • Third leading cause of death among men
  • Economic burden: Impacts up to 0.5%–1% of countries’ GDP

Art and Culture

Karma Puja

  • Karma Puja is a major tribal harvest festival celebrated in states like Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, and Madhya Pradesh.
  • It is dedicated to the worship of nature and the bond between brothers and sisters.

Related Facts:

  • Puja Time: Ekadashi of Bhadrapada/Bhado month (August-September)
  • On the second day of Karma, "Navakhani" takes place, in which new food is consumed.
  • Karma folk dance is performed on this occasion

Awards and Honours

National Teachers’ Award 2025

 

  • The Department of School Education & Literacy has selected 45 teachers from schools across India for the National Teachers’ Award 2025.
  • These teachers represent 27 states, 7 union territories, and 6 national organizations. Among the awardees, there are 24 men and 21 women.

Related Facts:

  • Selection Process: Conducted at three levels — district, state, and national.
  • The selected 45 teachers will be honored on September 5, on the occasion of Teachers’ Day.
  • This year, 2 teachers from Uttar Pradesh have been selected.

 

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