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GK Update

Mon 01 Sep, 2025

National News

India Suspends All Postal Services to the US

  • The Department of Posts has temporarily suspended all types of postal services to the United States.
  • This decision follows the ambiguity in new U.S. customs regulations issued on July 30, 2025, and the ongoing tariff disputes between India and the U.S.

Indian Post:

  • Postal service started: 1766, by Lord Clive
  • Post offices organized: Warren Hastings, 1774
  • Regular postal system established: 1766
  • Calcutta GPO established: 1774
  • Madras GPO established: 1786
  • Bombay GPO established: 1794

IMCTs Formed to Assess Rain and Flood Damage

  • The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has constituted Inter-Ministerial Central Teams (IMCTs) to assess the damage caused by heavy rainfall, floods, flash floods, cloudbursts, and landslides in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Punjab, and the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir.

Assistance by Central Government in Financial Year 2025-26:

  • ₹10,498.80 crore from SDRF to 24 States
  • ₹1,988.91 crore from NDRF to 12 States
  • ₹3,274.90 crore from SDMF to 20 States
  • ₹372.09 crore from NDMF to 09 States
  • Start of formation of IMCTS: From 2019
  • After assessment of damage by IMCTS, Central Government provides additional financial assistance to States from NDRF as per established procedure.

App Launched for IMC 2025

  • Union Minister of Communications Jyotiraditya Scindia launched the India Mobile Congress (IMC) 2025 application in New Delhi.
  • The 9th edition of IMC 2025 will be held from October 8 to 11, 2025, at the Yashobhoomi Convention Centre, New Delhi.

India Mobile Congress (IMC):

  • Organised by: IMC Department of Telecommunications (DoT) and Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI)
  • This year (2025) theme: "Innovate to Transform"

International News

25th SCO Summit Held in Tianjin, China

  • The 25th Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit was held in Tianjin, China, from August 31 to September 1, 2025.
  • The summit was attended by leaders from over 20 countries and heads of 10 international organizations, including Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
  • PM Modi urged SCO leaders to reject double standards on terrorism and called for opposing it in all its forms.

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO):

  • Founded: June 2001
  • Headquarters: Beijing, China
  • Member countries: 10 (India, Pakistan, China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Iran (2023) and Belarus)
  • 23rd meeting to be held: October 2024, Islamabad, capital of Pakistan (Foreign Minister Dr. S Jaishankar participated from India's side)
  • 24th meeting to be held: October 2024, Astana, capital of Kazakhstan (Belarus was also declared as a new member country of SCO)

Economy and Banking

Gig Workforce in India

  • India’s gig workforce is projected to rise from 10 million in FY 2024-25 to 23.5 million by FY 2029-30.

Key Facts:

  • The Social Security Code, 2020 provides legal recognition and social security benefits to gig and platform workers.
  • The e-Shram portal has registered over 309.8 million unorganized workers, including 337,000 platform workers.
  • Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal account for the highest registrations, with strong participation of women.

State News

42% reservation bill for backward castes passed

  • The Telangana Assembly passed two important bills providing 42% reservation to backward castes in local body elections.

Related Facts:

First Bill: Telangana Municipalities (Third Amendment) Bill, 2025 Second Bill: Telangana Panchayat Raj (Third Amendment) Bill, 2025 These bills were introduced after amending the law passed in 2018

‘Nomadic Tribes Board’

UP to Set Up Nomadic Tribes Board

  • The Uttar Pradesh government will establish a ‘Nomadic Tribes Board’ aimed at the welfare of nomadic and denotified tribes.

Major nomadic and liberated tribes of Uttar Pradesh:

  • Banjara (Lambadi): Bundelkhand region – Lalitpur, Jhansi, Jalaun
  • Nat: Prayagraj, Varanasi, Ghazipur, Azamgarh
  • Kalbelia/Sapera: Mathura, Agra, Aligarh
  • Kanjar: Mirzapur, Sonbhadra, Chandauli
  • Sansi: Lucknow, Raebareli, Barabanki
  • Bhat: Kanpur, Unnao, Hardoi
  • Bhatia: Meerut, Muzaffarnagar (Western Uttar Pradesh)
  • Madhari (Monkey-bear dancers): Ayodhya, Sultanpur, Pratapgarh
  • ‘Libya Jati Diwas’ is celebrated every year on 31 August to commemorate the abolition of the Criminal Tribes Act on 31 August 1952

Mizoram Launches Special Anti-Drug Campaign

  • Mizoram has launched a four-month special anti-drug campaign from September 1 to December 31, 2025.
  • The campaign will be carried out across 11 drug-affected districts, villages, and border areas of the state.

Mizoram:

  • A hilly state in northeastern India
  • Also known as the 'Land of Hills'
  • Capital: Aizawl
  • International borders: Myanmar and Bangladesh
  • Known for its diverse tribes, high literacy rate and traditional Jhum farming
  • Highest peak: 'Blue Mountain' (Phawngpui)
  • It became a union territory in 1972 and got the status of a full state in 1987
  • Major tribes: Mizo, Lushai, Hmar, Paite, Mar etc.
  • Main festivals: Chapchar Kut, Mim Kut, Paul Kut

Awards and Honours

Ramon Magsaysay Award 2025 Announced

  • The Ramon Magsaysay Award 2025, often referred to as the “Nobel of Asia”, was announced on August 31, 2025, in the Philippines.

Winners:

  • Indian non-profit organization 'Foundation to Educate Girls Globally' (which works for the education of girls in remote villages) was nominated (First Indian NGO to win the award)
  • Shaheena Ali of Maldives for environmental protection
  • Flaviano Antonio L. Villanueva of Philippines for social contribution
  • Award distribution: 7 November in Manila, Philippines
  • Edition: 67th
  • 'Educate Girls' was founded in the year 2007 by Safina Hussain

SCOPE Excellence Awards 2022-23 Presented

  • President Droupadi Murmu presented the SCOPE Excellence Awards 2022-23 in New Delhi.
  • The award recognizes Public Sector Enterprises (PSEs) for their outstanding contribution in innovation, corporate governance, and sustainable development.

SCOPE (Standing Conference of Public Enterprises) :

  • Establishment : 1973
  • Recognition : Apex body status in 1976
  • Key Areas : Policy advocacy, capacity building, skill and brand development
  • Role : Represents Indian Public Sector Enterprises (PSEs) globally at forums like ILO, UN, OECD, and IOE

Art and Culture

Mahagoura Festival

  • Celebrated in Sudurpaschim region of Nepal and at Tundikhel in Kathmandu Valley.
  • The festival lasts for four days, beginning on Panchami and ending on Ashtami, marked by various religious rituals.

Key Facts:

  • Worship of Lord Shiva and Goddess Gauri (locally called Gora).
  • Offering called Biruda: a mixture of five grains – wheat, chickpea, pea, black gram, and rhododendron – soaked together and offered to the deities.
  • Married women wear traditional attire, sing Sagoon songs, and perform the Deuda dance.

Environment News

Sheesham Tree Density Lowest in Tamil Nadu

  • According to a habitat modelling study conducted by the Institute of Wood Science and Technology (IWST), Bengaluru, only 17.2% of suitable habitats for Dalbergia latifolia (Indian rosewood/Sheesham) in India fall under protected areas.

Key Facts:

  • Found mainly in the Nilgiri, Anamalai, and Parambikulam ranges of Tamil Nadu.
  • The species has become highly vulnerable in the region.
  • The Tamil Nadu government did not renew the Sheesham Conservation Act, 1995 after February 2025, posing a major challenge to its protection.

Study on Coral Microatolls

  • A research team led by Prof. Paul Kench of the National University of Singapore, in collaboration with Nanyang Technological University, conducted a study on coral microatolls.
  • The study found that coral microatolls can provide high-resolution and long-term records of sea-level changes.

Key Facts:

  • Coral microatolls are natural reef structures found in submerged marine areas.
  • These corals grow and shape themselves according to the height of the sea surface, making them valuable indicators for tracking sea-level fluctuations over time.

Important Days

National Nutrition Week

  • Observed every year from 1st to 7th September to raise awareness about the importance of a balanced diet and healthy eating habits, while addressing nutritional deficiencies.
  • Organized since 1982 by the Food and Nutrition Board under the Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India.

National Nutrition Week 2025 :

  • Theme (2025): “Right Nutrition for a Better Life”

Daily Focus Areas:

  • 1 September: Importance of a Balanced Diet
  • 2 September: Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Health
  • 3 September: Addressing Nutritional Deficiencies
  • 4 September: Affordable Nutritious Foods
  • 5 September: Nutrition for Children and Adolescents
  • 6 September: Nutrition for Pregnant & Lactating Women
  • 7 September: Community’s Role in Healthy Eating

LIC Foundation Day

  • Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) celebrates its Foundation Day on 1st September every year.
  • It is a public sector life insurance company owned by the Government of India and the largest insurance company in the country.

Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC):

Established: 1 September 1956 Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra Slogan: “Yogakshemam Vahamyaham” (from Bhagavad Gita)

World Alzheimer’s Month

  • Observed every year in September to raise awareness about Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.
  • Alzheimer’s is a neurological disorder that primarily affects the elderly, causing problems with memory, thinking, and behavior.

Rashtriya Poshan Maah (National Nutrition Month)

  • Observed in India every year from 1st to 30th September.
  • An annual campaign led by the Ministry of Women & Child Development.
  • Aim: To eliminate malnutrition and promote better nutrition and healthcare.

Literacy Week

  • Observed in India from 1st to 8th September every year.
  • Focuses on promoting ULLAS – Nav Bharat Saaksharta Program and encouraging public participation for its success.

ULLAS: Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram :

  • A Centrally Sponsored Scheme launched by the Government of India.
  • Implemented for the period 2022–2027.
  • Aligned with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.
  • Objective: To impart literacy to adults aged 15 years and above who missed formal schooling.

 

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