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GK Update

Wed 06 Aug, 2025

National News

India–New Zealand "Defence Strategic Dialogue"

  • The first edition of the India–New Zealand Defence Strategic Dialogue was held in New Delhi on 5 August 2025.
  • The dialogue was established under a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between the two countries in March 2025.

New Zealand:

  • An island country located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean
  • Continent: Oceania
  • Capital: Wellington
  • Largest city: Auckland
  • Currency: New Zealand Dollar (NZD)
  • Land border: None (completely surrounded by sea)
  • Native inhabitants: Maori tribe

Hosting of WHO–IRCH Workshop

  • India will host a three-day workshop of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Regulatory Cooperation for Herbal Medicines (IRCH) from 6 August to 8 August 2025.

Related Facts:

  • This program is being organized by the Ministry of AYUSH
  • Objective: To strengthen regulatory capacity of herbal medicines, enhance global regulatory coordination, empower traditional medicine systems and promote safety and efficacy mechanisms
  • World Health Organization (WHO): Founded: April 1948, Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland, Member countries: 194, Director General: Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus

State News

President’s Rule Extended in Manipur by Six Months

  • On 5 August 2025, the Parliament approved a statutory resolution to extend President’s Rule in Manipur for a further period of six months.
  • The Lok Sabha had passed the resolution last week.

Related Facts:

  • President's rule imposed in Manipur: On 13 February 2025, the President of India declared President's rule in Manipur under Article 356

President's Rule:

  • Constitutional Provisions:
  • Article: 356
  • Included in Constitution: Basic Provisions of the Indian Constitution
  • Basis: Failure of constitutional machinery in the state
  • Under President's rule, the Governor is the administrator of the state
  • The Supreme Court said that Article 356 cannot be misused, and it is subject to judicial review.
  • Maximum period at a time: 6 months
  • Total maximum extension: 3 years (Parliament's approval required every 6 months)

International News

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty

  • Amid rising tensions with the United States over missiles and strategic pressure, Russia withdrew from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty on 5 August 2025.
  • This treaty was originally signed in 1987 between the United States and the Soviet Union (now Russia), under which both nations agreed to eliminate and permanently forgo the deployment of ballistic and cruise missiles with ranges between 500 and 5,500 kilometers.

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty:

  • Signed: 8 December 1987
  • Signatories: US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev)
  • Date of entry into force: 1 June 1988
  • Main objective: Ban and eliminate land-based cruise and ballistic missiles with a range of 500 to 5,500 kilometres (not applicable to sea- and air-launched missiles)

Rise in Child Malnutrition in Afghanistan

  • According to the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP), Afghanistan is witnessing the most severe rise in child malnutrition ever recorded. The country requires $539 million to assist its most vulnerable families.
  • Currently, one-fourth of Afghanistan’s population—around 10 million people—is facing acute food insecurity, with one in every three children affected.

World Food Programme (WFP):

  • Founded: 1961
  • Headquarters: Rome, Italy
  • Organization Type: An agency of the United Nations
  • Main Objective: To end hunger and malnutrition in the world
  • Important Award: Nobel Peace Prize – 2020
  • Mission Statement: “Saving Lives, Changing Lives”
  • SDG Goal: Contribute to Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger)

Over 9.88 Million International Arrivals Recorded: Dubai

  • Dubai recorded over 9.88 million international arrivals in the first half of 2025, marking a 6% increase compared to the same period in 2024.
  • India remains a key contributor to this growth, with Mumbai among the top source markets—alone accounting for 1.2 million passengers traveling through Dubai International Airport.

Economy and Banking

MPC Meeting: August 2025

  • The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) was held in Mumbai from 4 to 6 August 2025.
  • The meeting was chaired by RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra.

Key decisions:

  • Repo rate kept unchanged at 5.5% as the impact of the recent 50 basis point cut (June 2025) is yet to become fully evident
  • GDP growth forecast for fiscal year 2026 (FY26) retained at 6.5%
  • Consumer price inflation (CPI) forecast revised down from 3.7% to 3.1%

Defense News

Inauguration of ‘AgniShodh’

  • Army Chief General Upendra Dwivedi inaugurated the Indian Army’s research cell ‘AgniShodh’ at IIT Madras.
  • The primary objective of this initiative is to develop new technologies tailored to the needs of the Army and to promote self-reliance in the defence sector.

Indian Army:

  • Headquarters: New Delhi
  • Chief: Army Chief (currently General Upendra Dwivedi)
  • Slogan: "Seva Paramo Dharma"
  • Commands: There are 6 operational commands and 1 training command

6 operational commands:

  • Northern Command: Headquarters, Udhampur, Jammu and Kashmir
  • Western Command: Headquarters, Chandigarh
  • Southern Command: Headquarters, Pune
  • Eastern Command: Headquarters, Kolkata
  • Central Command: Headquarters, Lucknow
  • South Western Command: Headquarters, Jaipur

1 Training Command:

  • Army Training Command (ARTRAC): Headquarters, Shimla

Environment News

‘Rhisotope Project’

  • In a bid to combat illegal poaching of rhinos, South Africa has begun injecting radioactive material into rhino horns. This initiative, developed by scientists at the University of the Witwatersrand, is called the ‘Rhisotope Project’.
  • The objective of the project is to make rhino horns detectable at border checkpoints through the presence of radioactive isotopes, thereby deterring smuggling and poaching.

Rhinoceros:

  • A giant herbivorous mammal, famous for its thick skin and one or two horns located on the forehead
  • Five species of rhinoceros are found in the world
  • White Rhinoceros: In Africa
  • Black Rhinoceros: In Africa
  • Indian Rhinoceros (one-horned rhinoceros): In India and Nepal
  • Java Rhinoceros: In Indonesia and Vietnam
  • Sumatran Rhinoceros: In Indonesia and Malaysia

Sports News

Pan American Cup 2025

  • Argentina won the gold medal at the Pan American Cup 2025 held in Montevideo, Uruguay.
  • The United States secured silver medals in both men's and women's categories, while Canada (men) and Uruguay (women) took home the bronze medals.

Related Facts:

  • With these results, Argentina men's team and USA women's team qualified for the 2026 FIH Hockey World Cup (Belgium and Netherlands)
  • Argentina women's team had already qualified through the Pro League

Under-15 Boys and Girls National Boxing Championship

  • The Boxing Federation of India has announced the dates for the 4th Sub-Junior Under-15 Boys and Girls National Boxing Championship, which will be held from 7 to 13 August in Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh.

Related Facts:

  • The event will see participation of over 700 young boxers, including 400 boys and 300 girls in the age group of 13 to 14 years, who will compete in 15 weight categories.
  • In the recently held Asian Under-15 and Under-17 Championships, Indian boxers won 43 medals and finished second overall.

Appointments

Rajeev Anand

  • IndusInd Bank has appointed Rajeev Anand as the Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO).
  • His appointment will be effective from 25 August 2025, and his tenure will continue for three years, until 24 August 2028.

Indusind Bank :

  • A private sector commercial bank
  • Founded : 1994
  • Headquarters : Pune, Maharashtra
  • Founder : Sudhakar Shetty (The bank was founded in collaboration with S.P. Hinduja Group)

Arts and Culture

Nomination Document Submitted to UNESCO

  • India has submitted a nomination dossier to the UNESCO World Heritage Centre for the year 2025–26, titled “Ancient Buddhist Site, Sarnath.”
  • The objective is to seek World Heritage Site status for Sarnath.

Sarnath:

  • Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Importance: One of the major pilgrimage sites of Buddhism
  • After attaining enlightenment in Bodh Gaya, Lord Buddha gave his first sermon here in Sarnath, which is called Dharmachakra Pravartan
  • Emperor Ashoka had established a huge pillar here. The Lion Capital of this pillar is the national emblem of India today.
  • Dhamekh Stupa: This stupa is built at the same place where Buddha gave his first sermon. It is the main historical stupa of Sarnath

Inauguration of 64th National Art Exhibition

  • Minister of Culture and Tourism, Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, inaugurated the 64th National Art Exhibition organized by the Lalit Kala Akademi in New Delhi.

Lalit Kala Akademi:

  • Established: 1954
  • The Akademi was given statutory powers in 1957 under the Societies Registration Act 1860
  • Functions under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India
  • Headquarters: New Delhi

Important Days

Hiroshima Day

  • Hiroshima Day is observed every year on 6 August to commemorate the devastating nuclear bombing of Hiroshima, Japan, by the United States during World War II in 1945.
  • This year (2025) marks the 80th anniversary of the tragic event.

Related Facts:

  • Name of the bomb: "Little Boy"
  • Plane that dropped it: Enola Gay
  • Estimated deaths: About 140,000 people
  • Three days later, on August 9, 1945, the second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki
  • Japan surrendered on August 15, 1945

Person In News

Jair Bolsonaro

  • Former Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro has been placed under house arrest following an order issued by the country's Supreme Court.
  • He is accused of conspiring to stage a coup in order to remain in power despite losing the 2022 presidential election.

Brazil :

  • Continent: South America
  • Capital: Brasilia
  • Largest city: Sao Paulo
  • Official language: Portuguese
  • Draft: Brazilian Real (BRL)
  • President: Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva

 

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