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GK Update

Fri 25 Jul, 2025

National News

National Cooperative Policy - 2025 Unveiled

  • Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Amit Shah, unveiled the National Cooperative Policy - 2025 on 24 July 2025 in New Delhi.
  • This policy will serve as a guiding framework for India’s cooperative sector for the next 20 years (2025–2045), aiming to establish professional and self-reliant cooperative organizations in every village across the country.

Key Facts:

  • This policy has been introduced 23 years after the previous National Cooperative Policy (2002).
  • The policy aims to bring 50 crore (500 million) people under the ambit of the cooperative sector.
  • Its primary goal is to establish at least one cooperative organization in every village, and to make cooperative societies professional, transparent, technologically advanced, and economically strong.
  • The policy also sets a target to develop five model cooperative villages in every tehsil.
  • It was formulated by a 40-member committee (Chairperson: Suresh Prabhu) through consultations with various stakeholders, RBI, and NABARD.

Strict Action Against Obscene Soft Porn Content

  • The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (MIB) on 25th July 2025 took strict action against obscene soft porn content by ordering the shutdown of a total of 25 websites and OTT platforms, including Ullu, ALTT, and Desiflix.

State News

Directive to SSC by Delhi High Court

  • The Delhi High Court has directed the Staff Selection Commission (SSC) to make its online application portal more accessible, user-friendly, and convenient for visually impaired candidates.
  • This directive was issued during a hearing on a petition filed by the National Federation of the Blind, which specifically demanded the provision of alternative modes for uploading photographs for visually impaired candidates, particularly in the context of the upcoming CGL, CHSL 2025, and MTS & Havaldar examinations.

Staff Selection Commission (SSC):

  • Type: Statutory body
  • Parent Ministry: Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances, and Pensions, Government of India
  • Established: 1975
  • Headquarters: New Delhi
  • Objective: To recruit staff for various Group B (Non-Gazetted) and Group C (Clerical/Ministerial level) posts in different Ministries, Departments, and Subordinate Offices of the Government of India.

Unveiling of Statue of Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan

  • Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath unveiled the statue of Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan in Gorakhpur.
  • Along with this, he also inaugurated an 11-storey barrack and a 30-bed hospital in the PAC campus.

Uttar Pradesh:

  • State formed: 1 April 1937 (as United Provinces)
  • Current name 'Uttar Pradesh': 24 January 1950
  • Location in the country: North-central part of India
  • Borders: In the north – Uttarakhand, Nepal, In the east – Bihar, In the south – Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, In the west – Rajasthan, Haryana, Delhi Folk dances: Rasleela, Nautanki, Kajri, Birha
  • Folk languages: Awadhi, Bhojpuri, Braj, Bundeli
  • Defense Corridor: Kanpur, Aligarh, Jhansi, Chitrakoot, Lucknow, Agra
  • Buddha Circuit: Kushinagar, Sarnath, Shravasti
  • Language: Hindi (official language), Urdu (second official language)

International news

Gift to King Charles III of the United Kingdom

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi presented a special gift to King Charles III of the United Kingdom, titled "A Tree for the Mother."
  • This gift symbolizes environmental conservation and respect for nature.

”Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam” :

  • Launch date: 5 June 2023 (World Environment Day)
  • Objective: To promote environmental protection and tree plantation with respect for motherhood
  • Key partners: Schools, local community, self-help groups

Urged to avoid travelling to seven Thai provinces

  • The Indian Embassy in Thailand has issued a travel advisory on 25 July 2025, urging Indian tourists to remain cautious and avoid travelling to seven provinces in view of the increasing tension and violence along the Thailand-Cambodia border.
  • There have been recent military clashes along the Thailand-Cambodia border, leaving at least 11 to 14 people dead and many injured.

Thailand :

  • Official name: Kingdom of Thailand
  • Capital: Bangkok
  • Currency: Thai Baht (THB)
  • Language: Thai
  • Form of government: Constitutional monarchy
  • Current King (2025): King Maha Vajiralongkorn
  • Neighboring countries: Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia
  • Maritime border: Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea
  • Major cities: Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Pattaya, Phuket

 Recognition of the State of Palestine

  • French President Emmanuel Macron has announced that France will officially recognize the State of Palestine during the United Nations General Assembly in September 2025.

France :

  • Capital: Paris
  • Currency: Euro (€)
  • Official language: French
  • Continent: Europe
  • Important rivers: Seine, Loire, Rhône

India-UK FTA Signed

  • India and the United Kingdom signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in July 2025, officially named the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA).

Key Facts:

  • 99% of Indian exported products will enter the UK duty-free, i.e., without import tariffs.
  • Over 95% of agricultural and processed food products will be duty-free, boosting export opportunities for Indian farmers.
  • India-UK trade, which stood at ₹4.74 lakh crore in 2023-24, is expected to reach ₹10 lakh crore by 2030.

Honours and Awards

Honoured with the PEN Translation Prize

Geetanjali Shree has been awarded the PEN Translation Prize for her book "Once Elephants Lived Here".

She had earlier won the International Booker Prize in 2022 for her novel "Ret Samadhi" (translated as Tomb of Sand).

PEN Translation Prize:

  • An annual literary award given for a book-length prose translation from any language into English.
  • The award was established in 1963 and awards the winning translator with a cash prize of approximately US$3,000.

Economy and Banking

Target of 20% Ethanol Blending in Petrol Achieved

  • According to the Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Hardeep Singh Puri, India has achieved the target of 20% ethanol blending in petrol five years ahead of schedule, i.e., in 2025 itself.
  • This target was originally set to be accomplished by the year 2030.

Ethanol:

  • Also called ethyl alcohol
  • Is an organic compound having the chemical formula CH3CH2OH
  • Is a type of alcohol and is used as a biofuel and industrial solvent
  • Chemical formula: CH3CH2OH or C2H5OH
  • Uses: Biofuel, industrial solvent, alcohol Uses in India: Blending with petrol (EBP)
  • Production: From sugarcane juice, grains, and agricultural waste
  • Benefits: Reduced oil imports, reduced carbon emissions, increased rural incomes
  • Ethanol Blending Programme (EBP) started: 2003

Declared Best Consumer Bank

  • Global Finance Magazine has declared the State Bank of India (SBI) as the World’s Best Consumer Bank for the year 2025.
  • This recognition has been awarded for SBI’s customer-centric innovations, strong digital presence, and convenient banking services.

State Bank of India (SBI):

  • Founded: 1 July 1955
  • Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra
  • Founding organization: Imperial Bank of India
  • Current Chairman: Challa Srinivasulu Shetty
  • In 1955, the Reserve Bank nationalized it and made it “State Bank of India”.
  • Currently it is the largest public sector bank in India

 Sports News

IBSF World 6-Red Snooker Championship

  • On 24 July 2025, young Welsh snooker player Riley Powell won the IBSF World 6-Red Snooker Championship, held in Manama, Bahrain, by defeating India’s Pankaj Advani 5–4 in the final.
  • Advani, a three-time world champion in this format, was competing for his 29th world title.

Snooker:

  • Popular game played with a cue and balls
  • Table size: 12 ft × 6 ft (3.66 × 1.83 m)
  • Total number of balls: 22 balls
  • 1 cue ball (white)
  • 15 red balls
  • 6 coloured balls (Yellow, Green, Brown, Blue, Pink, Black)
  • Key Indian players: Pankaj Advani, Advait Karnolkar, Aditya Mehta

Person In News

Prime Minister Narendra Modi

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi has surpassed Indira Gandhi's record to become the second-longest serving Prime Minister of India in a continuous term.
  • As of 25 July 2025, PM Modi has completed 4,078 consecutive days in office, surpassing Indira Gandhi, who served 4,077 consecutive days from 24 January 1966 to 24 March 1977.

Related facts:

  • The first position is still held by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, who held the post of Prime Minister continuously for 6,126 days from 15 August 1947 to 27 May 1964.
  • PM Modi is the first and only Prime Minister of India who was born after independence, belongs to a non-Congress party and comes from a non-Hindi speaking state (Gujarat).
  • PM Modi has led the party to victory in a total of six elections so far - three times Gujarat Assembly elections (2002, 2007, 2012) and three times Lok Sabha elections (2014, 2019, 2024)

Ajay Seth

  • The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet has appointed former Finance Secretary Ajay Seth as the chief (Chairman) of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI).
  • The appointment is for a term of three years or until the incumbent attains the age of 65 years or until further orders, whichever is earlier.

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI):

  • Established: In the year 1999, under the “Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999”
  • Autonomous statutory body: Functioning under the Ministry of Finance, but has independent decision-making process
  • Headquarters: Hyderabad, Telangana
  • Composition: Chairman + 5 full-time + 4 part-time members

Important Days

International Day for Judicial Welfare

  • International Day for Judicial Welfare is celebrated every year on 25 July to focus on the mental, emotional, physical and social well-being of judges, lawyers and court staff associated with the judiciary.

Related Facts:

  • It is based on the Nauru Declaration on the Welfare of Justice adopted on 25 July 2024.
  • The day was officially recognised by the United Nations General Assembly in March 2025.

Note: International Justice Day is different, celebrated on 17 July and aims to promote international criminal justice, such as the prosecution and punishment of perpetrators of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.

World Drowning Prevention Day

  • World Drowning Prevention Day is celebrated every year on 25 July with the aim of preventing drowning incidents across the world and raising awareness about the importance of water safety.

Related Facts:

  • It was first introduced on 25 July 2021 under the United Nations General Assembly’s April 2021 resolution (A/RES/75/273)
  • The day aims to commemorate people who lost their lives due to drowning and raise awareness about water safety.

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