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GK Update

Mon 14 Jul, 2025

National News

“Community-Led Salt Reduction” Initiative

  • The Indian Council of Medical Research – National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE) has launched a special initiative called “Community-Led Salt Reduction.”
  • The objective of this initiative is to reduce excessive salt consumption in India.

Related facts:

  • According to WHO, one should consume less than 5 grams of salt per day.
  • In India, the average salt intake is 9.2 grams in urban areas and 5.6 grams in rural areas.
  • Excessive consumption of salt is becoming a major cause of high blood pressure, stroke, heart attack and kidney diseases.

Salt: Chemical name: Sodium chloride, Chemical formula: NaCl, India is the third largest salt producing country in the world (after China and America), Indian Salt Commission: Monitors salt production and distribution.

"Trade Watch Quarterly" Booklet

  • Dr. Arvind Virmani, Member of NITI Aayog, released the third edition of the "Trade Watch Quarterly" booklet for the third quarter (October–December) of the financial year 2025 on 14 July 2025 in New Delhi.

India's First Indigenous Dengue Vaccine – "DengiAll"

  • Panacea Biotec has developed India’s first indigenous dengue vaccine, named "DengiAll".
  • This vaccine has been developed in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and is currently undergoing Phase-3 clinical trials in 2025.

International news

J.P. Nadda’s Visit to Saudi Arabia

  • Union Minister of Health & Family Welfare and Chemicals & Fertilizers, J.P. Nadda, visited Dammam and Riyadh in Saudi Arabia from 11 to 13 July 2025.
  • The main objective of the visit was to enhance long-term cooperation between India and Saudi Arabia in the fields of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare.

Key Highlights:

  • J.P. Nadda visited the phosphate fertilizer plant of Ma’aden located in Ras Al Khair, Saudi Arabia.
  • India and Saudi Arabia signed a long-term agreement for the supply of Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) fertilizers.
  • Under the agreement, Ma’aden will supply 3.1 million metric tonnes (MMT) of DAP annually to Indian companies (IPL, KRIBHCO, CIL) starting from FY 2025–26 for the next five years.
  • In FY 2024–25, India imported 1.9 MMT of DAP from Saudi Arabia — about 17% higher than the 1.6 MMT in FY 2023–24.

France–New Caledonia Agreement

  • On 12 July 2025, France and New Caledonia signed a historic agreement in Paris to create the “State of New Caledonia.”
  • The agreement aims to grant greater autonomy and a new political identity to this French overseas territory in the South Pacific region.

Key Facts:

  • New Caledonia will be given the status of a new state within the French Republic.
  • Citizens will hold French citizenship as well as a distinct Caledonian nationality.
  • A referendum will be held in February 2026 to finalize the agreement, allowing New Caledonian residents to vote on the proposal.

Economy and Banking

Wholesale Price Index (WPI) – June 2025

  • According to the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, India's Wholesale Price Index (WPI) fell to -0.13% in June 2025, marking the lowest level in 14 months.
  • Inflation in primary articles dropped further from -2.02% in May to -3.38% in June.

About WPI:

  • WPI is a measure of inflation that tracks changes in the wholesale prices of goods.
  • It includes Primary Articles (like food items, minerals), Fuel and Power, and Manufactured Products.
  • Base Year: 2011–12 (A working group has been set up to revise it to 2022–23).

Environment News

CREA Report 2025

  • According to a report by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), during the period January to June 2025, Delhi remained the second most polluted city in India, while Byrnihat (on the Assam–Meghalaya border) topped the list.

Related facts:

  • This report analysed the air quality of 293 cities of the country.
  • The average PM2.5 level in Burnihat was recorded at 133 micrograms per cubic metre, which is several times higher than the national standards.
  • The average PM2.5 level in Delhi was 87 micrograms per cubic metre, which is twice the national ambient air quality standard (40 micrograms/cubic metre).
  • Apart from Delhi, Hajipur, Ghaziabad, Gurugram, Patna, Sasaram, Talcher, Rourkela and Rajgir are also among the top-10 most polluted cities in the country

Sports News

Major League Cricket (MLC) 2025

  • MI New York defeated Washington Freedom by 5 runs in the final match of the Major League Cricket (MLC) 2025, held on 14 July 2025 at Grand Prairie Stadium, Dallas, to win the MLC title for the second time.
  • This marks the 13th global T20 title for the MI franchise and their third major title in 2025.

FIFA Club World Cup 2025

  • On 13 July 2025, at the MetLife Stadium in New Jersey, USA, Chelsea FC defeated Paris Saint-Germain (PSG) by 3–0 in the final to win the FIFA Club World Cup 2025 title.

FIFA Club World Cup :

  • Governing body : Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)

FIFA :

  • Founded : 21 May 1904, (Paris, France)
  • Headquarters : Headquarters Switzerland

Wimbledon 2025

  • On 13 July 2025, Jannik Sinner of Italy won his first Wimbledon title by defeating Carlos Alcaraz of Spain in the men’s singles final with a score of 4–6, 6–4, 6–4, 6–4.
  • This is also Sinner’s first Grand Slam title.

Other Winners:

  • Women’s Singles: Iga Świątek (Poland) won her first Wimbledon women’s singles title by defeating Amanda Anisimova.
  • Men’s Doubles: The British pair of Julian Cash and Lloyd Glasspool defeated the Australian-Dutch duo of Rinky Hijikata and David Pel by 6–2, 7–6(7–3) to win the men’s doubles title.

Appointments

Abhijat Sheth

  • Abhijat Sheth has been appointed as the new Chairperson of the National Medical Commission (NMC).
  • He succeeds Dr. B. N. Gangadhar, who resigned in October last year due to health reasons.

National Medical Commission (NMC):

  • Established: In the year 2020 under the National Medical Commission Act, 2019
  • Replaced the Medical Council of India (MCI)
  • Headquarters: New Delhi

Three major appointments

  • President Draupadi Murmu made three major appointments on 14 July 2025 under Article 155 of the Constitution.
  • Professor Asim Kumar Ghosh was appointed as the Governor of Haryana, Pushpapati Ashok Gajapati Raju as the Governor of Goa and Kavinder Gupta as the Lieutenant Governor of Ladakh.

Important Constitutional Articles Related to Governors:

  • Article 153: There shall be a Governor for each State.
  • Article 154: The executive power of the State shall be vested in the Governor.
  • Article 155: The Governor shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal.
  • Article 156: The Governor holds office at the pleasure of the President (term up to 5 years).
  • Article 157: Must be a citizen of India and at least 35 years of age.
  • Article 158: Shall not hold any office of profit; salary and allowances are provided.
  • Article 159: Before entering office, the Governor must take an oath administered by the Chief Justice of the High Court.

Defense News

Exercise Talisman Sabre

  • For the first time, India is participating in “Exercise Talisman Sabre”, Australia’s largest bilateral military exercise.
  • The exercise began on 13 July 2025 in Australia, with over 35,000 military personnel from 19 countries, including India.

Today News

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