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GK Update

Sun 29 Jun, 2025

National News

Inauguration of the National Headquarters of the National Turmeric Board

  • Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurated the National Headquarters of the National Turmeric Board in Nizamabad, Telangana, on 29 June 2025.

National Turmeric Board:

  • Establishment: Notified by Government of India in 2023
  • Related Ministry: Ministry of Commerce & Industry
  • Objective of Establishment: To make India a leader in the global turmeric market

Turmeric/Golden Spice:

  • Has a rhizome (underground stem)
  • Soil: Well drained sandy or clayey soil
  • Major compound present: Curcumin

Inauguration of Purulia–Bankura–Howrah Passenger Train Service

  • Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw inaugurated the Purulia–Bankura–Howrah passenger train service from Santragachi railway station in Howrah district.
  • This new train service is expected to significantly enhance rail connectivity and passenger convenience in the rural, local, and regional areas of West Bengal.

Indian Railways:

  • Founded: 1853 (First train ran from Mumbai to Thane on 16 April)
  • Headquarters: Rail Bhawan, New Delhi
  • Overseeing Ministry: Ministry of Railways, Government of India
  • Railway Zones: 19 (19th- Metro Railway, Kolkata)
  • Bullet Train Project: Mumbai-Ahmedabad (in collaboration with Japan)
  • Green Goal: Net-zero carbon emissions by 2030

State Special News

Construction of Mango Park

  • The Uttar Pradesh government will construct a Mango Park in Malihabad, Lucknow.
  • The Lucknow Development Authority (LDA) has prepared the blueprint for this mango-themed park under the Basant Kunj Scheme near the Malihabad region.

Major mango varieties and their regions:

  • Dussehri : Malihabad (Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
  • Chausa : Saharanpur (Uttar Pradesh), Haryana
  • Fazli : Malda (West Bengal), Katihar (Bihar)
  • Sindoori : Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh
  • Totapuri : Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka
  • Kesar : Junagadh, Gir (Gujarat)
  • Neelam : Tamil Nadu, Karnataka
  • Mallika : Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), South India
  • Imam Pasand : Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu
  • Noorjahan : Alirajpur (Madhya Pradesh)

International News

65th Independence Day Anniversary of Madagascar

  • Minister of State for Defence, Sanjay Seth, represented India at the 65th Independence Day anniversary celebrations of Madagascar and the occasion marking the formation of the Malagasy Armed Forces.

Madagascar:

  • The fourth largest island in the world (first-Greenland)
  • Continent: Africa
  • A large island nation located in the Indian Ocean
  • Capital: Antananarivo
  • Official languages: Madagascan, French
  • Currency: Malagasy Ariary (MGA)
  • Independence: 26 June 1960 (from France)

Economy and Banking

MCL to Open Two New Coal Mines

  • Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL), a subsidiary of Coal India, will open two new coal mines with a combined capacity of 35 million tonnes per annum in the Talcher coalfields region of Angul district, Odisha.

Related Facts:

Coal Mines Included:

  • Subhadra Mine: Will start producing 25 million tonnes of coal by the end of FY 2025-26
  • Balabhadra Mine: Will start producing 10 million tonnes per annum by FY 2029-30

Related Exam Useful Facts:

  • Gever and Kusmunda coal mines of Chhattisgarh have been ranked among the top ten coal mines in the world by WorldAtlas.com
  • Largest coal producer and consumer country: China
  • Second largest coal producer country: India
  • Largest known coal reserves in the world: USA
  • Types of coal (based on carbon content): Anthracite, Bituminous, Lignite and Peat
  • Top coal producing states: Jharkhand>Odisha>Chhattisgarh>West Bengal

Controlling Stake in Colombo Dockyard PLC

  • India’s state-owned company Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) has decided to acquire a controlling stake in Sri Lanka’s Colombo Dockyard PLC through a deal worth USD 52.96 million.

Company Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL):

  • Founded in: 1934 (Earlier privately owned), Nationalized by Government of India in 1960
  • Headquarters: Mazagon, Mumbai, Maharashtra
  • Nature: Public Sector Undertaking (PSU)
  • Status: Received Navratna status in 2024
  • Overseeing Ministry: Ministry of Defence, Government of India

First Consignment of Rose-Scented Litchis Exported to Qatar

  • India has dispatched the first consignment of one metric tonne (1,000 kilograms) of rose-scented litchis from Pathankot, Punjab to Qatar.
  • This consignment was prepared with the support of the Punjab government, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), and the Department of Agriculture.

Litchi:

Grown in subtropical climate Scientific name: Litchi chinensis Family: Sapindaceae

Soil: Loamy soil with good drainage

Reports and Indexes

Child Mortality Estimates Report 2024

  • According to the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) 2024 report, India has achieved a 78% reduction in the under-five mortality rate (U5MR) between 1990 and 2023, compared to a 61% reduction globally during the same period.

Related Facts:

  • Percentage of zero-diet children in total population, in 2023 – 0.11%, in 2024 – 0.06%.
  • Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in India has also reduced by 70%, which is much higher than the global average (54%).

Appointments

Parag Jain

  • The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet has appointed senior IPS officer Parag Jain as the next Secretary of the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) for a tenure of two years.
  • Jain, a 1989-batch IPS officer of the Punjab cadre, will succeed Ravi Sinha, whose tenure ends on 30 June.

Related Facts:

Research and Analysis Wing (RAW):

  • India's premier foreign intelligence agency
  • Formed: September 1968
  • Headquarters: New Delhi

Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC):

  • Chaired by: Prime Minister
  • Key Member: Home Minister

Sports News

US Open 2025

  • India’s badminton player Tanvi Sharma secured her place in the women’s singles final at the US Open 2025 Badminton tournament.
  • She defeated Ukraine’s Polina Buhrova in straight games (21-14, 21-16) at the Mid-America Center in Council Bluffs, Iowa, USA.

Badminton World Federation (BWF):

Founded: 5 July 1934 in London (UK) as International Badminton Federation (IBF) Name Change: IBF was renamed BWF in September 2006 Headquarters: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Five-Match T20 Series: Nottingham

  • India defeated England by 97 runs in the first match of the five-match T20 series held at Trent Bridge, Nottingham.
  • Batting first, India scored 210 runs for 5 wickets in the allotted 20 overs.

Cricket:

  • First international match: 1844, Canada vs USA
  • First Test match: 1877, England vs Australia, Melbourne
  • Players: 11 players per team
  • Length of pitch: 22 yards (20.12 metres)
  • Global governing body: International Cricket Council (ICC)
  • Wickets: 3 stumps and 2 bails at each end

Important Days

National Statistics Day

  • National Statistics Day is observed every year on 29 June to commemorate the birth anniversary of Professor Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, the father of Indian statistics and the architect of modern statistical systems in India.

Related Facts:

  • Announcement of the day: Year 2007, by the Government of India
  • Theme of this year (2025): '75 years of National Sample Survey'

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis:

  • Born: 29 June 1893, Kolkata (West Bengal)
  • Died: 28 June 1972

Contribution to Statistics:

  • Development of "Mahalanobis Distance" - a major method used in multivariate statistics
  • Established the method of sample survey in India

International Day of the Tropics

  • The International Day of the Tropics is observed every year on 29 June to raise awareness about the unique challenges faced by tropical regions and to highlight their rich biodiversity, cultural wealth, and global significance.
  • The United Nations General Assembly declared this day in 2016.

Tropical Zone:

  • The geographical region that lies between the Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S)
  • The sun's heat falls directly on the Earth, so temperatures are high year-round

Types:

  • Tropical rainforest climate: heavy rainfall all year, no dry season (e.g. Amazon rainforest)
  • Tropical monsoon/wet-dry climate: pronounced wet and dry seasons (e.g. India, Africa, Brazil)
  • The tropical region holds more than 80% of the world's biodiversity

 

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