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GK Update

Sat 24 May, 2025

National News

10th Governing Council Meeting: NITI Aayog

  • The 10th Governing Council meeting of NITI Aayog, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, was held on 24th May 2025 at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi.
  • Chief Ministers of all states and Lieutenant Governors or Administrators of Union Territories participated in the meeting.

Related facts:

  • Theme of the meeting: "Developed India for Developed States @2047"

NITI Aayog:

  • Established: 1 January 2015
  • Full name: National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog)
  • Former institution: Planning Commission
  • Objective: To ensure participation of states in policy making for the development of India based on the principle of cooperative federalism
  • Headquarters: New Delhi
  • Chairman: Prime Minister

Tobacco-Free India

  • The Government of India has launched a comprehensive nationwide campaign to make all educational institutions across the country tobacco-free.
  • The objective of this initiative is to protect the youth from the use of tobacco and other addictive substances, which pose serious risks to their health and future.

National Tobacco Control Programme (NTCP):

  • Launched: 2007-08
  • Implementing Agency: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India
  • Partnering Agencies: WHO, ICMR, Tata Memorial Centre, State Governments, and other national-international organizations

Foundation Stone of Observatory Towers

  • Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways, Nitin Gadkari, laid the foundation stone for the iconic Observatory Towers on the New Zuari Bridge in Goa.
  • Both towers will be inspired by the design of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, with each having a height of 125 meters.

28th Coordination Committee Meeting

  • The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment organized the 28th Coordination Committee meeting in New Delhi to devise methods and means to prevent offences of untouchability and atrocities against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

State Special

Uttar Pradesh’s Export Growth

  • Uttar Pradesh's exports have more than doubled in eight years, reaching ₹1.70 lakh crore in 2023–24, up from ₹88,967 crore in 2017–18.
  • Products from the state were exported to over 100 countries, making UP one of the top exporting states in India.

Related facts:

  • Among the major export products of the state, the highest growth was in electrical machinery and related equipment.
  • In the year 2017-18, their export was Rs 4,056.38 crore, which reached Rs 38,756.50 crore in 2023-24

Konkan Railway Corporation Limited

  • The Maharashtra government has approved the merger of Konkan Railway Corporation Limited (KRCL) with Indian Railways.
  • This merger has been officially supported by Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis, making Konkan Railway a part of Indian Railways.
  • Konkan Railway was established in 1990 and is a joint venture of the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and the Central Government.

International News

"Global Hub of Terrorism"

  • India, in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), labelled Pakistan as a "global hub of terrorism" and accused it of sponsoring cross-border terrorist activities.

United Nations Security Council (UNSC)

  • One of the six principal organs of the United Nations, responsible for maintaining international peace and security
  • Total members: 15 (5 permanent members and 10 non-permanent members)
  • Non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for a two-year term
  • Permanent members have veto power, which means they can block any resolution of the Council
  • Permanent members: China, France, Russia, the United States, and the United Kingdom
  • Founded: 1945
  • Headquarters: New York City, United States

Lawsuit Against Donald Trump Administration

  • Harvard University filed a lawsuit for the second time against the administration of U.S. President Donald Trump.
  • The case was filed in the federal court of Boston against the Trump administration’s order to restrict the admission of foreign students at Harvard.

Harvard University:

  • Founded: 1636
  • Location: Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America (USA)
  • Founder: General Court of the Massachusetts Colony
  • It is the oldest university in America.

Germany Supports India’s Action Against Terrorism

  • Germany has extended clear and strong support to India’s fight against terrorism and its right to self-defense.
  • Following the terrorist attack on April 22, 2025, in Pahalgam, Jammu & Kashmir, in which innocent tourists were killed, Germany fully justified India’s retaliatory action — Operation Sindoor.

Germany:

  • Official name: Federal Republic of Germany
  • Local name: Deutschland
  • Capital: Berlin
  • Major cities: Munich, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Cologne
  • Currency: Euro (€)
  • Major rivers: Rhine, Danube and Elbe
  • Modern Germany was unified in 1871

Prisoner Exchange: Russia-Ukraine

  • Russia and Ukraine have carried out the largest prisoner exchange since the beginning of the war.
  • Both countries handed over 390 prisoners each, including soldiers as well as civilians.

Related Facts:

Russia :

  • Capital: Moscow
  • Currency: Russian Ruble

Ukraine :

  • Capital: Kiev
  • Currency: Hryvnia

Deputy Prime Minister of Australia

  • Richard Marles, leader of the Australian Labor Party, has been reappointed as Australia’s Deputy Prime Minister and Defence Minister.

Australian:

  • Official name: Commonwealth of Australia
  • Capital: Canberra
  • Currency: Australian dollar (AUD)
  • Major cities: Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide
  • Continent: Australia (It is the only country that spans an entire continent)

Economy and Banking

RBI Approves Transfer of Surplus Funds

  • The Central Board of Directors of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved the transfer of ₹2,68,590.07 crore as surplus (dividend) to the Central Government for the financial year 2024-25.
  • This is the highest ever surplus transfer, which is 27.4% more than the ₹2.1 lakh crore transferred in the previous year (2023-24).

Reserve Bank of India (RBI):

  • Founded on: 1 April 1935
  • Place of establishment: Kolkata (now headquartered in Mumbai)
  • Nationalised on: 1 January 1949
  • Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra

Wings India 2026

  • Under the leadership of Union Minister Ram Mohan Naidu, and in collaboration with the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), a preview event of Wings India 2026, Asia's largest civil aviation program, was organized in New Delhi.

Related Facts:

  • Wings India 2026 is Asia's largest civil aviation event, to be held from 28-31 January 2026 at Begumpet Airport, Hyderabad.

India’s Economic Growth Rate: CareEdge Ratings

  • According to the new report ‘The Economic Meter and GDP Preview for Q4FY25’ by credit rating agency CareEdge Ratings, India’s economic growth rate for the fourth quarter (Q4) of the financial year 2024-25 is estimated at 6.8%.
  • For the entire financial year 2024-25 (FY25), the country’s average GDP growth is expected to be 6.3%.

Rating agency ICRA report: On the number of domestic air passengers in India

  • According to the report of rating agency ICRA, the number of domestic air passengers in India in FY 2025 (April 2024–March 2025) was around 16.54 crore (1,653.8 lakh), showing a growth of 7.6% on an annual basis.
  • This figure is 16.8% higher than the pre-Covid level (FY 20) of around 14.15 crore (1,415.6 lakh) passengers. This growth has been in line with ICRA's estimate (7-10% annual growth).

Science and Technology

Infrared Contact Lens Developed

  • Scientists at the University of Science and Technology, China, have developed a revolutionary infrared contact lens that enables users to see in the dark and even with their eyes closed.

Related Facts:

  • These lenses have nanoparticles integrated into flexible polymers, allowing them to convert infrared light into visible light.
  • This technology could also help improve vision for people suffering from color blindness.

Professor Ganesh Thakur Appointed as TAMEST Chair

  • Professor Ganesh Thakur, of Indian origin, has been appointed as the Chair of the Texas Academy of Medicine, Engineering, Science and Technology (TAMEST).
  • He has also become the first faculty member from the University of Houston to hold this prestigious position.

Environment News

Southwest Monsoon

  • In the year 2025, the Southwest Monsoon reached Kerala on 24th May, eight days earlier than its usual date of 1st June.
  • This is the earliest monsoon arrival in the last 16 years (first time since 2009).

Related Facts:

  • The southwest monsoon in India begins on June 1 from Kerala.
  • The monsoon brings about 75% of India’s annual rainfall in four months (June–September).
  • The monsoon is predicted and monitored by the India Meteorological Department (IMD).

Important Days

World Schizophrenia Awareness Day

  • World Schizophrenia Awareness Day is observed annually on 24th May to raise awareness about serious mental illnesses like schizophrenia, to dispel myths and social stigma associated with it, and to promote empathy and support for patients and their families.

Related Facts:

  • The day was started in 1983 by the World Fellowship for Schizophrenia and Related Disorders (WFSAD).
  • What is Schizophrenia: It is a serious mental disorder that affects a person's thinking, feelings and behaviour. The disease usually appears in adolescence to adulthood (16-45 years).

Commonwealth Day

  • Commonwealth Day is observed annually on 24th May. It is celebrated by all the countries that were once under British colonial rule. The day marks the birth anniversary of Queen Victoria (24 May 1819). Earlier, it was known as Empire Day, with the first celebration held on 24 May 1902.
  • Theme for the year 2025 : Theme: “Together We Thrive”

 

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