• Delegates from more than 60 countries participated in this dialogue
• Major countries involved: United Kingdom, Japan, Russia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia
• Objective: To promote international cooperation, share best practices in the media sector, discuss policy coordination, and capacity building

• During this, PM Modi also launched commemorative postage stamps on 5 legends of Indian cinema: Guru Dutt, P. Bhanumathi, Raj Khosla, Ritwik Ghatak and Salil Chowdhary.

• Classification of Muslim castes: In the census, Muslims will be classified into castes like Sheikh, Syed, Pathan (upper caste) and Pasmanda (backward class)
• Focus on Pasmanda Muslims: 80-85% of the Muslim population comes from the Pasmanda class, which is considered socio-economically backwardConstitutional position: The government has made it clear that reservation will not be given on the basis of religion, but policy adjustments are possible based on caste data.

• European Union (EU):
• Founded: November 1993 (under the Maastricht Treaty), Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium

Capital: Washington, D.C.

• Largest city: New York City
• Currency: US dollar (USD)
• National Day: 4th of July (Independence Day)
• Continent: North America

Major Landmarks:

• Statue of Liberty (New York)
• White House (Washington, D.C.)
• Grand Canyon (Arizona)
• Disneyland (California)

• The port began trial operations on 13 July 2024 and transitioned to commercial operations from 3 December 2024. Since then, it has handled 265 vessels and processed 5.48 lakh TEU (Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit) containers.

• GST collections in April 2024 stood at ₹2.10 lakh crore — the second highest ever (after 1 July 2017)
• Collections from domestic transactions ₹1.9 lakh crore (10.7% increase)
• Collections from imports ₹46,913 crore (20.8% increase)
• Refunds issued in April ₹27,341 crore (48.3% increase)

State-wise contribution (top 5 states):

• Maharashtra: ₹31,534 crore (14% increase)
• Karnataka: ₹13,497 crore (4% increase)
• Gujarat: ₹12,095 crore (6% increase)
• Tamil Nadu: ₹11,017 crore (7% increase)
• Uttar Pradesh: ₹9,956 crore (10% increase) Growth)

• Coal: Easily flammable, black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, mainly composed of carbon

Types of coal:

• Peat: Lowest grade coal
• Lignite: Low quality, high moisture
• Bituminous: Medium quality, electricity production

• Anthracite: Highest quality, maximum carbon

Major coal fields in India:

• Jharkhand: Jharia, Bokaro
• Chhattisgarh: Korba
• Odisha: Talcher, Jharsuguda
• West Bengal: Raniganj
• Madhya Pradesh: Singrauli

• Coverage: Covers RRBs from 11 States and Union Territories (Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha and Rajasthan)
• Branches: 22,000+ branches (92% in rural and semi-urban areas), reaching 700 districts
• Capital Base: Each merged bank now has an authorised capital of Rs 2,000 crore
• Merged Banks: Baroda UP Bank, Aryavart Bank and Prathama UP Gramin Bank merged to form Uttar Pradesh Gramin Bank
• Headquarters: Lucknow (under the sponsorship of Bank of Baroda)

• Top states: Karnataka consistently tops, followed by Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Sikkim tops among smaller states
• Vulnerable: West Bengal at the bottom, followed by Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand and Rajasthan
• Gender inequality: 8% women officers in police force, less than 1,000 women in senior IPS posts. Women help desks in 78% police stations

Challenges of the judiciary:

• Over 5 crore pending cases (20% increase)
• 33% vacancies in high courts and 21% in district courts. 2,200 caseload per judge
• Share of women judges: 38% at district level, but 14% in high courts
• State of prisons:
• 76% prisoners still under trial. Some jails overcrowded by over 400%
• Lack of psychologists: Only 25 psychologists/psychiatrists available in the entire country

• Theme of 2025: “Our Ocean, Our Tuna, Our Future”
• This day was first proposed in 2011 at the meeting of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission
• The first goal of World Tuna Day is to raise awareness about the importance of preventing overfishing and adopting sustainable practices to preserve tuna populations

Tuna Fish:

• Tuna is a warm-blooded and fast-swimming marine fish
• Types: It has many species, such as bluefin, yellowfin, skipjack, etc.
• Uses: Tuna is used extensively for eating and in canned food products.
• Importance: It is the source of livelihood and nutrition for millions of people.

Declaration: In 1889 the International Socialist Conference passed a resolution declaring May 1 as International Workers' Day.

• Founder: Swami Vivekananda founded this mission as a disciple of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and to carry forward his life and teachings.
• Objective: The main objective of Ramakrishna Mission is to propagate the teachings of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and work for human welfare.
• Main Centre: The headquarters of Ramakrishna Mission is located in Belur Math, Howrah, West Bengal