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GK Update

Wed 30 Apr, 2025

National News

52nd Chief Justice of India Appointed

  • Justice Bhushan Ramkrishna Gavai, a judge of the Supreme Court, has been appointed as the 52nd Chief Justice of India (CJI).
  • His tenure will begin from 14th May 2025.

Related Facts:

 

 

  • He will replace Justice Sanjiv Khanna, the current CJI, whose term ends on May 13, 2025.
  • Tenure: About 6 months (will retire on November 23, 2025 at the age of 65)
  • He will be the second CJI from the Dalit community after Justice KG Balakrishnan (2007-2010).
  • Incumbent CJI Khanna recommended his name on April 16, 2025, which was approved by President Draupadi Murmu
  • Gavai has participated in hearings of cases related to the abrogation of Article 370 and demonetisation
  • Appointment: By the President, under clause (2) of Article 124

Tax Exemption Granted to National Mission for Clean Ganga

  • The Ministry of Finance has granted tax-exempt status to the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG).
  • The notification also states that NMCG, the implementing body of the government’s flagship Namami Gange programme, is now recognized as an authority constituted under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG):

 

 

  • A flagship programme launched by the Government of India for the revival and conservation of the Ganga River.
  • It implements various initiatives to reduce pollution and clean the Ganga River Basin, including sewage treatment plants, industrial effluent monitoring and development of riverbanks.
  • NMCG was registered as a society on 12 August 2011 under the Societies Registration Act, 1860

New Placement Record by IIT-ISM Dhanbad

  • IIT-ISM Dhanbad has set a new record in placements this year.
  • In the 2025 placement session, a total of 1,622 students participated, out of which 985 students were placed, reflecting a placement rate of approximately 60.73%.

Key statistics:

 

 

  • Overall placement percentage: Around 60.73%
  • Total offers: 1,025 (including PPOs)
  • Pre-placement offers (PPOs): 232
  • International offers: 22
  • Average package: ₹17.69 lakh per annum
  • Highest package: ₹56 lakh per annum

 

India's First Certified Green Municipal Bond Issued

  • Under the Swachh Bharat Mission–Urban, the Ghaziabad Municipal Corporation successfully issued the country’s first certified green municipal bond on 29th April 2025.

Related Facts:

 

 

  • Technology: Use of advanced membrane technologies such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis (RO) in TSTP
  • Financial Model: Utilization of 40% municipal funds under public-private hybrid annuity model.
  • Environmental Impact: Reduction in fresh water consumption in industrial processes and reuse of wastewater

International News

Foreign Office Consultations Held Between India and Jordan

  • Foreign Office Consultations (FoC) between India and Jordan were held in Amman on 29th April 2025.
  • The meeting was co-chaired by Arun Kumar Chatterjee, Secretary (CPV & OIA), and Majid T. Qatarneh, Secretary General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates of Jordan.

Jordan:

 

 

  • Arabic name: Al-Urdun
  • Capital: Amman
  • Foundation (independence): 25 May 1946 (gained independence from Britain)
  • Type of government: Constitutional monarchy
  • Current king: Abdullah II
  • Official language: Arabic
  • Currency: Jordanian dinar (JOD)
  • Continent: Asia (part of West Asia)

 

 

General Elections in Trinidad and Tobago

  • In the general elections held in Trinidad and Tobago on 28th April 2025, the United National Congress (UNC) secured a majority, paving the way for Kamla Persad-Bissessar to become the Prime Minister of the country for the second time.

Related Facts:

 

 

  • Related Facts:She previously held the post from 2010 to 2015.
  • Kamala's ancestors migrated to Trinidad in 1889 from Bhelupur village in Bihar's Buxar district

Economy and Banking

Launch of Green Hydrogen Certification Initiative (GHCI)

  • Minister of New and Renewable Energy Pralhad Joshi launched the Green Hydrogen Certification Initiative (GHCI) on 29th April 2025.
  • This initiative, under the National Green Hydrogen Mission, will ensure transparency and standardization in the production of green hydrogen.

Related Facts:

 

 

Green Hydrogen:

  • A fuel that is produced from renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and hydropower

National Green Hydrogen Mission:

  • The announcement was made by the Finance Minister in the 2021 budget.
  • Nodal Ministry- Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
  • Launch: 4 January, 2022
  • Target: To produce 5 million tonnes of green hydrogen per annum by 2030

RBI Directs Increased Availability of ₹100 and ₹200 Notes

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has directed banks and White Label ATM Operators (WLAOs) to increase the availability of ₹100 and ₹200 denomination notes starting from 1st May 2025.
  • This decision aims to meet the rising demand for lower denomination currency and to facilitate smoother cash management.

Related facts:

 

 

  • By September 30, 2025: 75% ATMs in the country to have at least one cassette for Rs 100/200 notes
  • By March 31, 2026: This ratio will be increased to 90% ATMs
  • Target areas: Special focus on rural and semi-urban areas, where demand for smaller notes is high
  • New ATM fee rules will also apply:
  • In metros: Rs 23/transaction (earlier Rs 21) after 3 free transactions per month (financial + non-financial).
  • In non-metros: Same fee after 5 free transactions.

Art and Culture

42-Foot Tall Flag Mast Installed at Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Temple

  • A 42-foot tall flag mast was ceremoniously installed atop the main spire of the Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Temple in Ayodhya.
  • The installation was completed on 29th April 2025, on the auspicious occasion of Vaishakh Shukla Dwitiya (Parashurama Jayanti).

Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir Ayodhya:

 

 

  • Bhoomi Pujan: 5 August 2020
  • Pran Pratishtha: 22 January 2024
  • Architecture: Designed in Nagara style by Chandrakant Sompura, consisting of 161 feet height, 5 domes and 3 floors

 

Person In News

Professor Sunny Thomas Passes Away

  • Former national shooting coach and Dronacharya Award recipient, Professor Sunny Thomas, passed away in Uzhavoor, Kottayam (Kerala).

Dadasaheb Phalke's 155th Birth Anniversary Celebrated

  • On 30th April 2025, India celebrated the 155th birth anniversary of legendary filmmaker Dhundiraj Govind Phalke (Dadasaheb Phalke).
  • He is regarded as the Father of Indian Cinema.

Biography:

 

 

  • Born: 30 April 1870, Trimbakeshwar, Maharashtra
  • First Film: 'Raja Harishchandra' made in 1913 was India's first full-length feature film, which was made by Phalke.

Contribution:

  • Laid the foundation of Indian cinema
  • Made 95 films and 26 short films in a career of 19 years

Honor:

  • 'Dada Saheb Phalke Award' established in his name by the Government of India, which is the highest honor of Indian cinema.
  • Death: 16 February 1944

 

 

Sports News

2026 Asian Games

  • The 2026 Asian Games will be held in Japan's Aichi Prefecture and its capital Nagoya from 19 September to 4 October, with cricket retained while mixed martial arts (MMA) will be included in the competition for the first time.

Asian Games:

 

 

  • A major multi-sport event of the Asian continent, held every four years
  • It is the largest sporting event in Asia
  • Symbol: Interconnected rings with a rising sun
  • The first Asian Games were held in New Delhi in the year 1951.
  • Achievements of India in Asian Games 2023:
  • Total Medals: 107 (28 Gold, 38 Silver and 41 Bronze)

Science And Technology

Outbreak of ASF in Mizoram

  • According to the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Mizoram, the outbreak of African Swine Fever (ASF) has resulted in the death of over 3,050 pigs across four districts of Mizoram.

African Swine Fever (ASF):

 

 

  • A highly contagious and fatal animal disease that affects domestic and wild pigs
  • The disease is a viral infection, and has a very high mortality rate, almost 100%
  • The ASF virus is a large, enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus, the only member of the Asphivirus genus of the Asphiviridae family.
  • In India, ASF was first confirmed in 2020 in the northeastern states (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh)

SBaaS Initiative Launched

  • ISRO's commercial arm, the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center (IN-SPACe), has launched the Satellite Bus as a Service (SBaaS) initiative to promote private sector participation in satellite development.
  • The program aims to create modular small satellite platforms designed by Indian Non-Governmental Entities (NGEs) for hosting payload applications.

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO):

 

 

  • Founded: 15 August 1969
  • Founder: Dr. Vikram Sarabhai
  • Headquarters: Bengaluru, Karnataka
  • First satellite Aryabhatta launched: 1975
  • Indigenous satellite Rohini (RS-1) launched from India's SLV-3 rocket: 1980
  • First lunar mission Chandrayaan-1 launched: 2008
  • Mangalyaan (MOM) successfully launched: 2013
  • Chandrayaan-2 mission launched: 2019
  • 2023: Chandrayaan-3 successfully landed on the south pole of the Moon
  • Sun mission: Aditya-L1 (2023), sent to Lagrange Point-1 (L1) of the Sun

Amazon's First Internet Satellite Launched

  • E-commerce company Amazon has launched its first internet satellite.
  • On 27th April 2025, Amazon successfully placed 27 internet satellites into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) under its Project Kuiper, using United Launch Alliance's Atlas V rocket.

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