Context

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the nine-day program on the occasion of Parakram Diwas at the Red Fort. Apart from this, the Prime Minister also inaugurated the nine-day Bharat Parv on this occasion.

Key Points

• It is noteworthy that from the year 2021, the birth anniversary of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose is being celebrated as Parakram Diwas.
• This year, the festival organised at the Red Fort reflected the legacy of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and Azad Hind Fauj through various activities.
• Rare photographs and documents were displayed in the Archives Exhibition.
• Apart from this, the rich diversity of the country was showcased with Republic Day tableau and cultural programs under Bharat Parv.
• It reflected the efforts of 26 ministries and departments.

Important role of Red Fort in independence

• Red Fort has an important role in the saga of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and Azad Hind Fauj.
• The museum established in the Red Fort complex is dedicated to preserving and honouring the legacy of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and the INA.
• It was inaugurated by Prime Minister Modi in 2019 on the birth anniversary of Netaji.
• The names of Colonel Prem Sehgal, Colonel Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon and Colonel Shahnawaz Khan are recorded in history as key figures in the Red Fort Trial.

Indian National Army

• In July 1943, he reached Japanese-controlled Singapore from Germany, where he gave the slogan of 'Dilli Chalo'.
• On October 21, 1943, announced the formation of 'Azad Hind Government' and 'Indian National Army'.
• The Indian National Army was first formed under the leadership of Mohan Singh and Japanese Major Iwaichi Fujiwara.
• This included British-Indian Army prisoners of war captured by Japan in Singapore during the Malayan (present-day Malaysia) campaign.
• Besides, it also included Indian prisoners lodged in Singapore jail and Indian citizens of South-East Asia.
• Its military strength had increased to 50,000.
• The INA fought the Allied forces within India's borders in Imphal and Burma in  1944.
• Mass demonstrations took place across the country in November 1945, soon after the British government prosecuted members of the INA.

IMPORTANT FACTS FOR EXAM 

Subhash Chandra Bose

• Birth - 23 January 1897 (Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province)
• Education- Ravenshaw Collegiate School, Cuttack; Presidency College, Calcutta; University of Cambridge, England
• In 1919 he passed the Indian Civil Service (ICS) examination. However, he later resigned.
• Spiritual Guru- Swami Vivekananda
• Political Guru- Chittaranjan Das
• Union (political party)- Indian National Congress; Forward Block; Indian National Army.
• Related Movement-Indian Independence Movement.
• Political ideologies- nationalism, communism, fascism.